is the set of values, norms, standards ofbehavior, and common expectations thatcontrol the ways in which individuals andgroups in an organization interact with eachother and work to achieve organizational goals

is the control exerted on individuals and groupsin an organization by shared values, norms,standards of behavior, and expectations.

Organizational culture is not an externallyimposed system; rather, employees

It makes control possible in situations wheremanagers cannot use output or behaviorcontrol.

When a strong and cohesive set oforganizational values and norms is in place,employees focus on thinking about what is bestfor the organization in the long run

Employees of some organizations go out oftheir way to help their organization because theorganization has a strong and cohesiveorganizational culture.

are beliefs and ideas about the kinds ofgoals members of a society should pursueand the kinds of behavior they should useto achieve these goals.

Norms are unwritten rules or guidelines thatprescribe appropriate behavior in particularsituations.

Norms emerge from values. How does thisrelate in your organization?

Values and norms inform organizationalmembers about what goals they should pursueand how they should behave to reach thosegoals.

Managers can influence the kinds of values andnorms that develop

An organization’s founder and his or herpersonal values and beliefs have a substantialinfluence on the values, norms, and standardsof behavior within the organization

Founders select managers who share theirvision of the organization’s goals

Subordinates imitate the style of the founderand transmit his or her values and norms totheir subordinates

Organizational members learn from each otherwhich values are important and the norms thatspecify appropriate behaviors.

Organizational socialization is the process bywhich newcomers learn an organization’s valuesand norms and acquire the work behaviorsnecessary to perform effectively

Most organizations have some kind ofsocialization program to help new employees“learn the ropes.”

Managers can create or influence anorganizational culture by developingorganizational ceremonies and rites

Rites of passage determine how individualsenter, advance within, or leave the organization.

Rites of enhancement let organizations publiclyrecognize and reward employees’ contributions

Stories (whether fact or fiction) aboutorganizational heroes and villains provideimportant clues about values and norms.

The concept of organizational languageencompasses not only spoken language, butalso nonverbal language, such as how peopledress or the degree of formality used