MindMap Gallery Immune System Concept Map
The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.
Edited at 2020-10-08 06:02:00Mind maps are a great resource to help you study. A mind map can take complex topics like plant kingdom and illustrate them into simple points, as shown above.
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Mind maps are a great resource to help you study. A mind map can take complex topics like plant kingdom and illustrate them into simple points, as shown above.
Mind maps are useful in constructing strategies. They provide the flexibility of being creative, along with the structure of a plan.
Vitamins and minerals are essential elements of a well-balanced meal plan. They help in ensuring that the body is properly nourished. A mind map can be used to map out the different vitamins a person requires.
Immune-System-Concept-Map
Adaptive/Acquired Immunity
- SUPER ELITE DOUBLESECRET STRIKE FORCEDELTA
- Active Immunity
- when your body has to recognizeantigens and produce antibodies
- vaccines
- injected weakened or dead viruses soyour body can become immune to thevirus
- vertebrates only
- develops more slowly to allow tolearn about the pathogen beforeattacking
- humoral response
- activation of B cells
- cell-mediated immune response
- activation of cytotoxic T Cells
- Antigens
- signs that cause your immune system tocreate an antibody against detectedpathogen
- "antibody generator"
- antibodies...
- not cells
- produced by B cells
- they cannot kill
- however they can swarm aroundinvaders making it very difficult for themto move
- they can also attach themselves to the badguys and send out chemical messages tophagocytes
- lymphocytes
- T Cells
- SEE DESCRIPTION IN LEUKOCYTES
- B Cells
- SEE DESCRIPTION IN LEUKOCYTES
Innate Immunity
- Passive Immunity
- injected with antibodies or givenfrom your mother
- your body gets antibodieswithout actually making them
- when you are a baby
- placenta
- breast milk
- every animal has this
- also called non specific
- faster?
- protects against ALL pathogens
- barrier defences
- 1st line of defense
- mucous membranes
- secretions
- skin
- tears
- sweat
- internal defences
- 2nd line of defense to barrier defenses
- phagocytes
- SEE DESCRIPTION IN LEUKOCYTES
- inflammation/ inflammatory response
- response to damage by injury or infection
- mast cells
- release of histomine
- brings in white blood cells to helpkill (helps with splinters orviruses)
- when your body acciddentaly thinks somethingis bad that really isn't, an allergic reactionoccurs
- when this occurs, we takeantihistamines to stop theallergies
- blood clots
- leukocytes
- SEE LEUKOCYTE DESCRIPTIONS
Leukocytes
- diapedesis
- when a white blood cell travels through capillariesthen arrives at point of infection, they send asignal then ooze through the capillary to heal
- phagocytes
- phagocytosis
- eat the viruses in the cell (asopposed to the natural killercells)
- natural killer cells
- circulate in the blood and killviruses, bacteria and cancerouscells
- MORE INFO IN INNATE IMMUNITY SECTION
- 4 kinds
- neutrophils
- move around bloodstream;quickly get to action
- when they eat infected cells,they die and become pus
- macrophages
- BIG and don't travel a lot
- they usually stay put around your vital organs
- they can detect rogue(cancerous) cell and alert otherimmune cells
- Antigen-presentation
- may occur in other cells, macrophagesis just one of the types that it happenson
- this is when a cell destroys a pathogen so itleaves part of the pathogens genetic code onitself.
- Helper T cells can read this and figure outwhat kind of pathogen it was and whatnot
- he figures this out because the macrophageproduces Interleukin 1, which explains to the TCell what happened
- The T cell then produces Interleukin 2
- he then produces himself into lots of helper Tcells, most of which become Effector T Cells (seeeffector T cells in T cell section)
- the rest become Memory T cells which just keeptrack of the genetic code of the stuff to providefuture prevention against it
- dendritic cells
- "mailman"
- they stay on the outside of your body
- eat pathogen and record theinformation then bring the info back toyour thymus
- allows things to move from the innateimmune system to the acquired immunesystem
- natural killer cells
- circulate in blood and kill viruses,bacteria and blood cells
- kill other body cells
- the only phagocytes to destroyand attack other human cells
- humans have MHC 1 when theyare healthy
- natural killer cells kill body cellsthat are not producing MHC1
- lymphocytes
- B Cells
- covered in antibodies that canattach to specific antigens
- memory B cell
- when pathogen comes, B cell reprodeces andmakes effector and memory cells (see hankgreen vid for illustration)
- do not become effectorcells
- they store the memory of theantibody created to provide futureimmunity
- effector/plasma cell
- use antibodies as a blueprint to make a crapton of anitbodies for that specific pathogen2/sec
- they attach to pathogens and keep them frommoving until the phagocyte can come and killit
- Mature in bone marrow
- T Cells
- Cytotoxic T Cells
- NOT phagocyes
- release enzymes that kll the cell
- defend against the infected cell
- helps with suicide
- if a body cell is infected anddoesn't want to spread
- it attaches itself to a normalcell presenting antigens
- it then puts an enzyme in it thatputs holes in the cell
- KILLER CELLS
- Memory T cells
- have previously encounteredand responded to antigen
- cells that keep track of howTHEY killed a pathogen (chickenpox)
- helper T cells
- attach to B cells to tell geneticmaterial of pathogen
- release T cell cytokineses
- they kinda call the shots for thewhole immune system
- mature in thymus
- coordinate the immune system and attack