If difference in electronegativityis less than 0.5, then thecovalent is nonpolar

when forced, layers ofions shift causing positiveand negative ions to alignand repel.

solubility

electrical conductivity

melting point

hardness

solubility

electrical conductivity

melting point

hardness

soluble in water if polar, soluble innonpolar solvents if nonpolar

nil no free electrons orcharged particles

Very low MP is dependanton size of atoms in themolecule

nil, mostly gas, liquids ofsoft solids at roomtemperature

in molecules containingpolar covalent bonds

between moleculescontaining O, H or Fatoms

these are stronger than theother types of Van Der Waalforces

halogens

in molecules containingnonpolar covalent bonds

These dipolemoments get strongerthe more electronsthere are in themolecule