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Matter
Types
- pure substance
- elements
- Contain only the one sort of atom.
- atoms
- protons
- Positive charge-found in the nucleus.
- electrons
- Negative charge. Spin aroundoutside the nucleus
- neutrons
- No charge. Found in the nucleus.
- Number of protons andneutrons the same each sortof atom.
- periodic table
- non metals -top right
- metals -left side
- element symbols -you must learnthe ones you're supposed toknow.
- compounds
- Made of different sorts ofatoms that have joined inset numbers.
- Hard to get back the differentkinds of atoms.
- mixtures
- Contain more than one substance.
- The different substanceshaven't joined up.
- Easy to separate out thedifferent substances.
- filtration
- Separating a liquid from a solidthat's sitting in it.
- decanting
- Pouring something from offthe top of another substance.
- evaporation
- Letting the water evaporate awayfrom something that's dissolved init.
- distillation
- Separating liquids withdifferent boiling points.
- centrifuging
- Spinning something veryfast-heavy particles thrown to thebotton.
- magnetism
- Using a magnet to pick up ironfrom other stuff that's notmagnetic.
Liquids
- solutions
- When one thing dissolves in another.
- solvent-does the dissolving.
- solute-what dissolves.
- saturated
- No more solute will dissolve.
- concentrated (strong)
- Lots of solute and not much solvent.
- dilute (weak)
- Lots of solvent and not much solute.
- suspensions
- When something doesn't dissolves
- miscible (mixable)-when twoliquids and mix in with each other
- immiscible
- Liquids that won't mixtogether.
Properties
- Things that matter is or has.
- colour
- temperature
- The average kinetic(movement) energy of theparticles.
- volume
- How much space it takes up.
- density
- How many particles (mass)there are in a certain space.
- melting point
- At what temperature does itturn to a liquid.
- boiling point
- At what temperature does itturn to a gas.
- conductivity
- Is it a good conductor of heator electricity?
State Changes
- melting
- solid to liquid
- evaporating
- liquid to gas
- boiling
- subliming
- solid to gas
- condensing
- gas to liquid
- freezing
- liquid to solid
States
- solids
- particles close together
- Particles stay in one place
- liquids
- Particles further apart.
- Particles move quite a bit(randomly).
- gases
- Particles a long way apart.
- Particles move lots.
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