carbohydrates

Polysaccharides - a few hundred to a fewthousand monosaccharides joined by glycosidiclinkages, combination of simple and doublesugars

Monosaccharides - molecularformula that contain CH2O, simplesugars

Disaccharide - two monosaccharides joinedby a covalent bond from a dehydrationreaction (glycosidic linkage), double sugars

Starch - polymer of glucose monomers,stored as sugars for later use (storedenergy)

Amylose

Amylopectin

Glycogen - polymer of glycogen, stored in liverand muscle cells, released when demand ofsugar increases, short-term energy

Cellulose - makes up cell walls in plants

Chitin - makes up the exoskeletons ofarthropods, makes up cells walls offungi

Glucose - most common andmost important for life, analdose

Fructose - an isomer (has samechemical structure with differentarrangement) of glucose, a ketose

Galactose - similar to glucose with only twomolecules rearranged, an energy source fororganisms

Maltose - formed from the glycosidic linkage oftwo glucose molecules, malt sugar (aningredient in brewing beer)

sucrose - formed from the glycosidic linkage ofone glucose and one fructose molecule, tablesugar

Lactose - formed from the glycosidic linkage ofone glucose and one galactose molecules, thesugar in milk