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EdrawMindHistology and Embryology-Circulatory System
MindMap Gallery Histology and Embryology-Circulatory System
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Histology and Embryology-Circulatory System
This is a mind map about histology and embryology - circulatory system, with clear hierarchical logic, suitable for exam review! Friends who are interested can collect it~
Edited at 2024-04-20 16:10:15- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- Project Management Process Template
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
Histology and Embryology-Circulatory System
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- Project Management Process Template
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
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- Outline
circulatory system
capillaries
The tube wall is the thinnest, the tube diameter is the smallest, and the distribution is the widest
structure
Endothelial cells
The innermost layer of all blood vessels is the endothelium
single layer squamous epithelium
There are tight junctions and gap junctions between adjacent cells
basement membrane
pericytes
Has stem cell properties
Classification
continuous capillary
Endothelial cells are continuous with each other
tight junctions between cells
The basement membrane is continuous and intact
The main method of material exchange-swallowing and drinking vesicles
Mainly distributed in connective tissue, muscle tissue, lungs and central nervous system
fenestrated capillaries
Endothelial cells are continuous with each other
tight junctions between cells
The basement membrane is continuous and intact
There are holes in the endothelium
Porous diaphragm closure
Mainly distributed in gastrointestinal mucosa, some endocrine glands and renal blood vessels, etc.
Sinusoids
Incomplete basement membrane
The lumen is large and irregular
There is a large gap between the endothelium
Mainly distributed in liver, spleen, bone marrow and some endocrine glands
artery
middle artery
intima
thinnest layer
endothelium
single layer squamous epithelium
subintima
thin layer of connective tissue
Contains a small amount of collagen fibers and elastic fibers, sometimes a small amount of longitudinal smooth muscle
internal elastic membrane
Often appear wavy due to contraction of blood vessel walls
Serves as the boundary between the intima and media
tunica media
The main differences between blood vessels
Composed of 10 to 40 layers of circular smooth muscle
Smooth muscle cells form collagen fibers, elastic fibers, and matrix
Important pathological changes in arteriosclerosis
Smooth muscle cells in the media can migrate to the intima, proliferate and produce connective tissue components, making the intima thicker
adventitia
Composed of loose connective tissue
In most medium-sized arteries, the external elastic lamina (multilayer discontinuity) can be seen at the junction of the adventitia and media.
Large arteries (also called elastic arteries)
intima
The boundary between the intima and the media is unclear (the internal elastic lamina is continuous with the elastic lamina of the media)
tunica media
very thick
Elastic membrane - good elasticity - elastic gas storage function - heart assist pump
adventitia
loose connective tissue
No obvious external elastic membrane
arteriole
Muscular arteries
The thickness of the adventitia and media is similar, and there is generally no external elastic membrane
arterioles
Intima without internal elastic lamina
No external elastic membrane
vein
venules
The gaps between endothelial cells are larger, so the permeability is higher
Scattered smooth muscle fibers appear and gradually increase in the media
small veins
There are one to several layers of relatively complete smooth muscle outside the endothelium.
Medial smooth muscle fibers continue to increase
middle vein
intima
very thin
The lower inner layer contains a small amount of smooth muscle fibers
Internal elastic lamina is underdeveloped or absent
Circular smooth muscle in the media is sparsely distributed
adventitia
thickest
No external elastic membrane
large veins
The boundary between the intima and the media is unclear
The tunica media is composed of several sparse layers of circular smooth muscle
The adventitia has many smooth muscle bundles arranged in longitudinal rows
venous valve
Anti-backflow
The wall is divided into the intima, media and adventitia, but the boundaries between the three layers are often not clear.
heart
structure of heart wall
endocardium
endothelium
Continuous with the endothelium of large blood vessels
subendothelium
In addition to connective tissue, there is a small amount of smooth muscle
subendocardium
Composed of loose connective tissue
Distributed by branches of the cardiac conduction system---Purkinje fibers
There are many leap disks, and information transmission is improved.
special heart muscle
myocardium
Mainly composed of cardiac muscle
myocardial fiber
Inner longitudinal, middle ring and outer oblique
Some atrial myofibers contain atrial natriuretic peptide (atrial natriuretic peptide)
Diuresis, excretion of sodium, dilation of blood vessels and lowering of blood pressure
Epicardium
visceral layer of pericardium
The structure is serosal-endothelial connective tissue
mesothelium
The thin layer of connective tissue under the mesothelium is connected to the myocardium
Common adipose tissue
More epicardium than endocardium
heart valve
Prevent blood from flowing backward
cardiac conduction system
Made of special cardiac fibers
pacemaker cells
located in the sinoatrial and atrioventricular nodes
cardiac pacemaker
Smaller, spindle-shaped or polygonal, with fewer organelles
transitional cells
Mainly located around the sinus node and atrioventricular node and atrioventricular bundle
Cell structure is between pacemaker cells and cardiac muscle fibers
Acts to conduct impulses
Purkinje cells
Shorter and thicker than cardiac muscle fibers
There are 1 to 2 nuclei in the center
Mostly located around cells
Adjacent cells are connected by well-developed intercalary disks