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Chapter 12 Nursing Care for Women with Complications During Childbirth
This is a mind map about the care of women with complications during childbirth in Chapter 12, including postpartum hemorrhage, uterine rupture, Amniotic fluid embolism, etc.
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- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
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Chapter 12 Nursing Care for Women with Complications During Childbirth
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- Project Management Process Template
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
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Chapter 12 Nursing Care for Women with Complications During Childbirth
postpartum hemorrhage
concept
The amount of bleeding in vaginal delivery ≥500ml 24 hours after the fetus is delivered (caesarean section ≥1000ml)
Classification
Uterine atony (most common)
Cause
Systemic factors: stress, chronic systemic diseases
Labor factors: too long/difficult labor
Drug factors: sedatives/narcotics
uterine factors
Performance
The blood is dark red, the uterus is soft, and the outline is unclear.
treat
Strengthen uterine contractions
Massage the uterus
Oxytocin
uterine tamponade
Take out in 24-48h Use oxytocin and antibiotics before removal
ligation of pelvic blood vessels
hysterectomy
placental factors
Cause
retained placenta
placenta accreta
Performance
A large amount of dark red blood appears a few minutes after the baby is delivered
Incomplete delivery of placenta and fetal membranes
treat
The placenta has detached: pull the umbilical cord and press the fundus of the uterus to help deliver the placenta.
Placenta accreta: Freehand glass
Placenta accreta: hysterectomy
Soft birth canal laceration
Cause
Poor elasticity of the soft birth canal, huge fetus, and irregular vaginal surgical midwifery operations
Performance
The fetus bleeds bright red blood immediately after delivery
treat
suture
coagulopathy
Cause
Performance
Persistent vaginal bleeding after delivery of the fetus, and the blood does not coagulate
treat
Supplement clotting factors
prevention
first stage of labor
Prevent prolonged labor
second stage of labor
Correctly grasp the indications for episiotomy
Teach pregnant women to use abdominal pressure correctly
third stage of labor
After the fetus is delivered, oxytocin is given to strengthen uterine contractions.
Before the placenta is separated, do not pull or massage the uterus prematurely or squeeze the uterus prematurely
puerperium
2 hours after delivery is the peak of postpartum hemorrhage. Stay in the delivery room for close observation.
empty bladder
Breastfeeding, stimulates uterine contractions
Uterine rupture
Cause
scarred uterus
Obstructed descent of the fetal presenting part
Improper use of uterine contraction drugs
Obstetric surgical trauma
Classification
threatened uterine rupture
clinical manifestations
lower abdominal pain
Pathological uterine contraction ring formation (annular depression)
hematuria
deal with
Suppress uterine contractions and end labor by cesarean section as soon as possible
Uterine rupture (complete)
clinical manifestations
Sudden tearing pain in lower abdomen
shock
Fetal heartbeat and fetal movement disappear
Touch the cervix and lower uterine segment
deal with
While rescuing shock, perform surgery as soon as possible
amniotic fluid embolism
Cause
Intra-amniotic pressure is too high
Sinus opening
Rupture of fetal membranes
inducement
clinical manifestations
amniotic fluid embolism triad
Sudden drop in blood pressure, hypoxemia, coagulation dysfunction
prevention
①Prevent uterine contractions from being too strong
②Do not force the membranes to rupture during uterine contractions
③ For those who are undergoing labor induction in the second trimester, the number of amniocentesis should not exceed 3 times.
deal with
High concentration mask oxygen delivery
Loop support
vasoactive drugs
Relieve pulmonary hypertension
Pregnant women should lie in a left-leaning 30-degree position (to prevent the uterus from compressing the inferior vena cava).
anti-allergy
Glucocorticoids
Correct coagulation disorders
Supplement clotting factors
Obstetric management
First stage of labor: immediate cesarean section
Second stage of labor: assisted vaginal delivery ends labor