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Molecular structure and function of enzymes
Biochemistry, Human Health 9th Edition, including the classification of enzymes, the molecular composition of enzymes often contains cofactors, the active center of enzymes, Isoenzymes, etc.
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- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
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Molecular structure and function of enzymes
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- Project Management Process Template
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
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- Outline
Molecular structure and function of enzymes
Classification of enzymes
Enzymes: biopolymers with catalytic capabilities
Oligomerase: An enzyme composed of multiple identical or different peptide chains (i.e., subunits) linked by non-covalent bonds.
Multi-enzyme system (multi-enzyme complex): In a certain metabolic pathway, several enzymes with different catalytic functions that catalyze a set of consecutive reactions in sequence can aggregate with each other to form a structural and functional whole.
Multifunctional enzyme: A polypeptide chain consists of an enzyme with multiple active centers and different catalytic functions.
The molecular composition of enzymes often contains cofactors
enzyme
Simple enzyme: an enzyme that has only amino acid components after hydrolysis and no other components.
conjugation enzyme
Enzyme protein
Determine reaction specificity and its catalytic mechanism
cofactor
Determine the nature and type of reaction
small molecule organic compounds
Metal ion
cofactor
coenzyme
It is mostly bound to the enzyme protein through non-covalent binding. This binding is relatively loose and can be removed by dialysis or ultrafiltration.
In an enzymatic reaction, the coenzyme acts as a substrate, accepts a proton or group and then leaves the enzyme protein, participates in another enzymatic reaction and transfers the carried proton or group out, or vice versa.
prosthetic base
d forms a covalent bond with the enzyme protein and is tightly bound, making it difficult to remove through dialysis or ultrafiltration.
Prosthetic groups cannot leave the enzyme protein during enzymatic reactions.
effect
In enzymatic reactions, it mainly participates in transferring electrons, protons (or groups) or acting as carriers.
enzyme active center
The region with a specific three-dimensional structure in an enzyme molecule that can specifically bind to a substrate and catalyze the conversion of the substrate into a product is called the active center of the enzyme.
enzyme
Optional groups
essential group
Essential groups outside the active center
essential group
binding group
Recognizes and binds substrates and coenzymes to form enzyme-substrate transition state complexes
catalytic group
Affects the stability of certain chemical bonds in the substrate and catalyzes the reaction of the substrate into a product
The active center of the enzyme has a tertiary structure and a "hydrophobic pocket" surrounded by hydrophobic groups, which is conducive to the binding of the enzyme and the substrate.
isoenzyme
A group of enzymes that catalyze the same chemical reaction but have different molecular structures, physical and chemical properties, and even immunological properties of the enzyme proteins.
Tissue cell-specific characteristics When there are lesions in tissue cells, the tissue-specific isoenzymes can be released into the tissue, which can assist in the diagnosis of clinical diseases.