MindMap Gallery Information System Project Manager Examination Preparation_Chapter 1 Information Development
Information system project manager exam preparation mind map, Chapter 1: Informatization development, including information and informatization, modern infrastructure, modern innovative development, digital China, etc.
Edited at 2024-01-13 23:03:50One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
Chapter 1: Informatization Development "Information Systems Project Manager Tutorial" Fourth Edition Official Textbook
Test situation analysis: Multiple choice questions in the morning (about 3 minutes)
learning strategies
Most multiple-choice questions (95% of textbooks’ original words)
Broad but not deep (breadth does not require depth)
Pay close attention to the textbook (read the textbook several times)
Quick solution (learn chapters 1~6 within 15 days and review before the exam)
1.1 Information and informatization (understanding)
Information is not matter or energy
Mathematician Shannon: Information is what eliminates random uncertainty
Information has value, and the value depends on quality of information
Information system is a combination of management model, information processing model and system implementation conditions
Information system life cycle (mastery)
System planning (feasibility analysis and project development plan)
System analysis (requirements analysis)
System design (outline design, detailed design)
System implementation (coding, testing)
System operation and maintenance stages
Big four
Project establishment
Write a feasibility report
develop
system analysis
Determine the basic goals and logical functional requirements of the new system, that is, propose a logical model of information (the task of the system analysis phase is to answer the question of "what" the system does)
system design
Specifically design the technical solution to implement the logical model, that is, design the physical model of the new system (the system design phase should answer the "how" question)
System Implementation
Operation and maintenance
die
Information connotation (mastery)
• Information network system
• Information industry foundation
• Social operating environment
• Utility accumulation process
Six elements of information system (mastery)
information resource
core mission
information network
infrastructure
Information technology applications
Leading position (the main frontier of national informatization construction)
Information Technology and Industry
Material basis
Information talents
The foundation of success
Information policies, regulations and standards
Assure
Informatization trends (understand)
Organizational information trends
Product informatization
Industrial informatization
Informatization of social life
National economy informatization
National informatization trends
three steps
The first step to 2020
Some areas of core and key technologies have reached international advanced levels, the international competitiveness of the information industry has been greatly improved, and informatization has become the leading force driving modernization.
Second step to 2025
Build an internationally leading mobile communications network, fundamentally change the situation where core and key technologies are controlled by others, achieve the strategic goals of advanced technology, developed industries, leading applications, and indestructible network security, and emerge a number of large-scale multinational network information companies with strong international competitiveness.
The third step to the mid-21st century
Informatization comprehensively supports the construction of a prosperous, democratic, civilized and harmonious modern socialist country. Its status as a network power is increasingly consolidated, and it will make greater achievements in leading the development of global informatization.
The 14th Five-Year Plan for National Informatization
Build a ubiquitous and intelligent digital infrastructure system, establish an efficient data element resource system, build an innovative development system that releases digital productivity, cultivate an advanced and secure digital industry system, and build an industrial digital transformation and development system.
1.2 Modern infrastructure (mastery)
New infrastructure
It mainly includes seven major areas, including 5G infrastructure, UHV, intercity high-speed railway and intercity rail transit, new energy vehicle charging piles, big data centers, artificial intelligence, and industrial Internet.
new infrastructure
information infrastructure
Information infrastructure mainly refers to infrastructure based on the evolution of new generation information technology
① Communication network infrastructure represented by 5G, Internet of Things, Industrial Internet, and Satellite Internet
②New technology infrastructure represented by artificial intelligence, cloud computing, blockchain, etc.
③Represented by data centers and intelligent computing centers computing power infrastructure, etc.
Information infrastructure highlights “new technology”
Converged infrastructure
Integrated infrastructure mainly refers to the in-depth application of Internet, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies to support the transformation and upgrading of traditional infrastructure, thereby forming integrated infrastructure.
Intelligent transportation infrastructure
Smart energy infrastructure, etc.
Converged infrastructure focuses on "application of new technologies"
innovation infrastructure
Innovation infrastructure mainly refers to infrastructure with public welfare attributes that support scientific research, technology development, and product development.
Major scientific and technological infrastructure
Science and education infrastructure
Industrial technology innovation infrastructure, etc.
Innovative infrastructure emphasizes "new platform"
Industrial Internet
Industrial Internet is a new infrastructure that deeply integrates the new generation of information and communication technology with the industrial economy. Implementation, application models and industrial ecology, through the comprehensive connection of people, machines, things, systems, etc., build a new manufacturing and service system covering the entire industry chain and the entire value chain, and provide digitalization, networking, and intelligence for industry and even industries. Development provides a way to achieve this and is an important cornerstone of the fourth industrial revolution.
Platform system
network based
The industrial Internet network system includes three parts: network interconnection, data interoperability and identification analysis.
platform as hub
The industrial Internet platform system includes four levels: edge layer, IaaS, PaaS and SaaS, which is equivalent to the "operating system" of the Industrial Internet.
There are four main functions
① Data aggregation
②Modeling analysis
③Knowledge reuse
④Application innovation
data as elements
Industrial Internet data has three characteristics:
①Importance
②Professionality
③Complexity
safety as guarantee
Industrial Internet security has three major characteristics
①Involving a wide range of
②Have a big impact
③The foundation of corporate protection is weak
Six typical application modes
(1)Platform design
(2) Intelligent manufacturing
(3) Network collaboration
(4) Personalized customization
(5) Service-oriented extension
(6)Digital management
Internet of Vehicles
The Internet of Vehicles is an emerging industry form that deeply integrates new generation network communication technology with automobiles, electronics, road transportation and other fields.
System framework
The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) system is a three-layer system of "end, management, and cloud"
(1)End system
The end system is the smart sensor of the car, responsible for collecting and obtaining the smart information of the vehicle, and sensing the driving status and environment; it is a ubiquitous communication terminal with in-car communication, inter-vehicle communication, and car network communication; it also allows the car to have IoV addressing and network Devices with capabilities such as trusted identification.
(2) Pipe system
The management system solves the interconnection between vehicles, vehicles and roads, vehicles and networks, vehicles and people, etc., realizes communication and roaming between vehicle ad hoc networks and various heterogeneous networks, and ensures real-time and Serviceability and network ubiquity, and it is the unity of public network and private network
(3)Cloud system
The Internet of Vehicles is a cloud-based vehicle operation information platform. Its ecological chain includes ITS, logistics, passenger and freight, critical vehicles, auto repair and auto parts, car rental, enterprise vehicle management, auto manufacturers, 4S stores, and vehicle management , insurance, emergency rescue, mobile Internet, etc., are the convergence of massive information from multiple sources, so they require cloud computing functions such as virtualization, security certification, real-time interaction, and mass storage. Their application systems also revolve around vehicle data aggregation, calculation, scheduling, Composite system of monitoring, management and application
Link method
Car and cloud platform
The communication between the vehicle and the cloud platform means that the vehicle realizes information transmission with the Internet of Vehicles service platform through wireless communication technologies such as satellite wireless communication or mobile cellular, receives control instructions issued by the platform, and shares vehicle data in real time.
Cars and cars
Vehicle-to-workshop communication refers to the exchange and sharing of information between vehicles, including vehicle location, driving Vehicle status information such as speed can be used to determine road traffic conditions
car and road
Vehicle-to-road communication refers to the exchange of information between vehicles and roads with the help of fixed communication facilities on ground roads. It is used to monitor road surface conditions and guide vehicles to choose the best driving path.
cars and people
Vehicle-to-human communication means that users can communicate with vehicles through Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, cellular and other wireless communication means, allowing users to monitor and control the vehicle through corresponding mobile terminal devices
Between equipment in the car, etc.
Communication between in-vehicle devices refers to the transmission of information and data between devices within the vehicle. It is used for real-time detection and operation control of device status, and the establishment of a digital in-vehicle control system.
Scenario application (understanding)
1) Practical scenario applications
For example, automatic collision notification, stolen vehicle tracking tracking, roadside assistance, etc.
2) Convenient scene applications
For example, infotainment services allow people to purchase and download songs, audiobooks, maps, etc. in the car through the built-in mobile hotspot conversion technology; interconnection with businesses, in the future people can use voice or gesture control and use the Internet of Vehicles technology Make restaurant reservations, supermarket shopping, etc.
3) Efficiency scenario applications
The first such application is the update of vehicle systems. After the Internet of Vehicles is implemented, people can automatically update their vehicles to the latest firmware and software without going to the vehicle service center.
1.3 Modern innovative development (mastery)
Agricultural and rural modernization
farming modernization
Agricultural modernization means using modern industrial equipment to equip agriculture, using modern science and technology to transform agriculture, and using modern management methods to manage agriculture. The process of improving farmers’ quality with modern scientific and cultural knowledge
Rural Revitalization Strategy
Focus on digitally empowered agricultural and rural modernization, focusing on infrastructure construction, smart agriculture development and digital countryside construction.
Integration of informatization and intelligent manufacturing
"In-depth implementation of intelligent manufacturing and green manufacturing projects, development of new service-oriented manufacturing models, and promotion of high-end, intelligent, and green manufacturing" are the key directions for promoting the optimization and upgrading of manufacturing in my country.
Integration of informatization and informatization
The integration of informatization and industrialization is a high-level and in-depth combination of informatization and industrialization. It refers to using informatization to drive industrialization and industrialization to promote industrialization. Advance informatization and take a new path of industrialization; the core of the integration of informatization and informatization is the support of informatization and the pursuit of a sustainable development model
Informatization and industrialization are mainly integrated in four aspects: technology, products, business, and industry.
Smart manufacturing
Intelligent Manufacturing (I M) is based on the deep integration of new generation information and communication technology and advanced manufacturing technology. It runs through all aspects of manufacturing activities such as design, production, management, and service. It has self-perception, self-learning, self-decision-making, and self-execution. , adaptive and other new production methods
GB/T 3 9 1 1 6 "Intelligent Manufacturing Capability Maturity Model" clarifies the capability elements, capability domains and capability sub-domains covered by smart manufacturing capability building services
GB/T 39116 "Intelligent Manufacturing Capability Maturity Model" also stipulates what an enterprise's intelligent manufacturing capabilities should achieve at different stages. level. The maturity level is divided into five levels, from low to high: level one (planning level), level two (standardization level), level three (integration level), level four (optimization level) and level five (leading level).
consumer internet
Consumer Internet is an Internet type that uses individuals as users and daily life as application scenarios to meet consumers’ consumption needs on the Internet.
Basic properties
Media attributes: Portal website mainly composed of self-media, social media and information
Industry attributes: It consists of online travel and e-commerce that provides consumers with life services, etc.
1.4 Digital China
It mainly includes broadband China, Internet, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, digital economy, e-government, new smart cities, digital countryside, etc. "Welcome to the digital era, activate the potential of data elements, promote the construction of a network power, accelerate the construction of a digital economy, digital society, and digital government, and use digital transformation to drive changes in production methods, lifestyles, and governance methods as a whole" has become the key to my country's informatization development in the new era. main melody
digital economy
The digital economy is a more advanced economic form after the agricultural economy and industrial economy. In essence, the digital economy is a The new techno-economic paradigm is based on major breakthroughs in information and communication technology. It is driven by the integration of digital technology and the real economy as the main engine for industrial echelon transformation and economic innovation and development. It is based on infrastructure, production factors, industrial structure and The governance structure shows new characteristics that are significantly different from the agricultural economy and industrial economy.
Main content composition
From the perspective of industry composition, the digital economy includes two parts: digital industrialization and industrial digitization.
From the overall composition point of view, the digital economy includes four parts: digital industrialization, industrial digitization, digital governance and data valueization.
1) Digital industrialization
Digital industrialization refers to the provision of digital technologies, products, services, infrastructure and solutions for industrial digital development to And various economic activities that completely rely on digital technology and data elements, including electronic information manufacturing, telecommunications, software, information technology, Internet industries, etc.
Digital industrialization development focuses include: cloud computing, big data, Internet of Things, industrial Internet, blockchain, artificial intelligence, virtual reality and augmented reality
2) Industrial digitalization
Industrial digitalization refers to being supported and guided by a new generation of digital technology, with data as the key element and value release as the core. Taking data empowerment as the main line, it is a process of digital upgrading, transformation and re-engineering of all elements upstream and downstream of the industrial chain.
As an important way to realize the deep integration and development of digital economy and traditional economy, industrial digitalization is the only way and strategic choice for the development of digital economy in the context of the new era. The "14th Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development of the People's Republic of China and the Outline of Long-term Goals for 2035" clearly proposes to promote the digital transformation of industries, implement the "cloud and use data to empower intelligence" action, and promote data empowerment for the entire industry chain collaboration. transformation.
Typical characteristics of industrial digitalization include: • Transform production tools with digital technology; • Use data resources as key production factors; • Reconstruct product structure with digital content; • Use information networks as market allocation links; • Use the service platform as the carrier of industrial ecology; • Make digital good governance a condition for developing mechanisms.
3)Digital governance
Digital governance usually refers to innovative social governance methods and techniques relying on technologies and applications such as the Internet, big data, and artificial intelligence. section, optimize the social governance model, promote scientific, refined and efficient social governance, and help modernize social governance.
The core features of digital governance are data interoperability across society, comprehensive digital collaboration and cross-department process reengineering. A governance mechanism that “uses data to speak, uses data to make decisions, uses data to manage, and uses data to innovate”.
The connotation of digital governance includes at least: • Governance of data • Use data to govern • Governing the digital convergence space
4) Data valorization
Valuated data is a key production factor for the development of the digital economy. Accelerating the process of data valorization is the key to developing the digital economy. essential requirements. In recent years, data can be stored and reused, showing explosive growth and massive aggregation. It is a basic strategic resource for the digital, networked and intelligent development of the real economy. Data valuing includes but is not limited to data collection, data standards, data validation, data annotation, data pricing, data transactions, data transfer, data protection, etc.
Data valorization refers to starting from data resource utilization and going through the stages of data assetization and data capitalization to realize the value of data. economic process. The above three elements constitute the "three modernization" framework of data valuing, namely data resourceization, data assetization and data capitalization.
digital government
Digital government usually refers to the new generation of information technology as the support, focusing on "business digitization and data businessization", reshaping the government information management structure, business structure and organizational structure through data drive, forming "data-based decision-making, "Data services, data innovation" modern governance model.
Digital new features
Digital government is not only the result of the in-depth development of "Internet Government", but also the inevitable transformation and upgrading of the government in the era of big data. Its core purpose is people-oriented, and its implementation path is an ecosystem of co-creation, sharing, co-construction and win-win. At the same time, digital government has also been given new characteristics
• Collaboration
• Cloudization
• Intelligent
• Digitization
• Dynamic
• Share
• Interoperability
• Convenience
main content
From the perspective of government services for the general public, the main contents of digital government are mainly reflected in "one-stop service", "one-stop service across provinces" and "one-stop management"
The construction of “one network and unified management” usually emphasizes:
• One network: mainly includes government cloud, government network and government big data center, etc.
• One screen: fully reflect the city’s operating conditions by integrating data from multiple departments
• Interaction: Smooth the command system at all levels to provide rapid response for cross-department, cross-region, and cross-level coordination and efficient disposal. coping ability
• Innovation: Drive intelligent construction with management needs, and promote comprehensive optimization and management of business processes with information flow and data flow Innovation
digital society
digital livelihood
Comprehensively connecting "people" and "public services" through digital means will greatly improve the overall service efficiency and level of society and realize digital people's livelihood.
The focus of digital livelihood construction usually emphasizes:
• Inclusive benefits: fully develop and utilize the information technology system, expand the coverage of people's livelihood security, assist in the construction of inclusive people's livelihood, and solve problems such as uneven allocation of people's livelihood resources.
• Early warning: Based on multi-dimensional, massive, holographic data collection, full, real-time control of urban operating signs and intelligent early warning are achieved
• Empowerment: The deep integration of information technology systems and people's livelihood has given new momentum to people's livelihood construction and promoted the exponential growth of people's livelihood security, such as "Internet education", "Internet medical care", "Internet elderly care", "Internet transportation", etc.
• Benefiting the people: Information technology system innovation has expanded public service scenarios, promoted the comprehensive integration of digital technology into new trends in social interactions and daily life, and made people's livelihood services increasingly smart, convenient and humane.
Smart City
Smart cities use information and communication technology to effectively integrate various urban management systems and realize information resources between various urban systems. Sharing and business collaboration promote smart urban management and services, improve urban operation management and public service levels, improve the happiness and satisfaction of urban residents, and achieve sustainable development as an innovative city.
The basic principles of smart cities are as follows:
① Emphasis on "people's city for the people", with the main mode of providing intelligent services to governments, enterprises, citizens and other subjects
② Focus on strengthening the construction of five core capability elements: data governance, digital development, marginal decision-making, diversified integration and situational awareness.
③ Pay more attention to the full life cycle management of smart cities including planning and design, deployment and implementation, operation management, evaluation and improvement, and innovative development.
④The goal is to promote the high-quality development of urban governance, people's livelihood services, ecological livability, industrial economy, and spiritual civilization.
⑤ Continue to promote the modernization of urban governance systems and governance capabilities
• Data governance: Capacity building around data as a new production factor, including data responsibility and rights management and control, full life cycle Period management and its development and utilization, etc.
• Digital life: Capacity building around the interactive integration of the real world and the information world, including social life, urban seasons The emergence of new products and equipment will push urban space to get rid of physical constraints and enter digital space.
• Marginal decision-making: Build capabilities based on decision-making algorithms and information applications to strengthen the decision-making capabilities of the execution side to achieve achieve the effect of quick response and efficient decision-making to meet the agile needs of social development.
• Diversified integration: Emphasis on the dynamics of social relationships and social activities and the efficiency of their integration, achieving service orchestration and Rapid integration to meet the innovation needs of various social developments.
• Situation awareness: Build capabilities around the essential reflection of social conditions and simulation predictions, and gain insight into variable factors and uncertainties. It can be seen that factors have an impact on social development, thus improving the quality of life.
maturity level
• Level 1 (Planning Level)
Planning should be carried out around the development of smart cities, the relevant division of responsibilities and working mechanisms should be clarified, and data collection and application should be initially carried out to ensure that relevant activities are carried out in an orderly manner.
• Level 2 (Management level)
Smart city development strategies, principles, goals and implementation plans should be clarified, promote the intelligent transformation of urban infrastructure, realize single application of information systems in multiple fields, and manage the entire life cycle of smart cities.
• Level 3 (Synergy Level)
We should manage and control various development goals of smart cities, implement the integration of multi-business, multi-level, and cross-domain application systems, continue to promote the sharing and exchange of information resources, and promote the integration and innovation of people-beneficial services, urban governance, ecological livability, and industrial development. , to achieve cross-domain collaborative improvement
• Level 4 (optimization level)
We should focus on the deep integration of smart cities and urban economic and social development, implement precise urban economic and social governance based on data and knowledge models, promote the value mining and development and utilization of data elements, and promote the continuous improvement of urban competitiveness.
• Level 5 (Leadership)
We should build smart city agile development capabilities, realize the integrated evolution and symbiotic co-governance of urban physical space, social space, and information space, lead the linkage of urban cluster governance, and form a high-quality development community.
digital countryside
Digital countryside is an endogenous agricultural and rural modernization development and transformation process accompanied by the application of networking, informatization and digitization in agricultural and rural economic and social development, as well as the improvement of farmers' modern information skills. It is not only the strategic direction of rural revitalization, but also the construction of digital rural areas. Important content in China
digital life
Digital life is a way of life based on the Internet and a series of digital technology applications, which can be convenient and fast The zone brings people a better life experience and work convenience
(1) Digitization of life tools
(2) Digitization of lifestyle
(3) Digitization of life content
digital ecology
1. Data element market
With the rapid development of the digital economy, data, as a key element of the digital economy, is important to the high-quality development of our country's economy. The role becomes increasingly prominent.
2. Digital business environment
A good business environment is an important reflection of a country or region's economic soft power and comprehensive competitiveness.
3. Network security protection
Strong cyber security industry strength is the foundation and cornerstone of ensuring cyberspace security
1.5 Digital Transformation and Metaverse
digital transformation
Digital transformation (Digital Transformation) is a high-level transformation based on digital transformation (Digitization) and digital upgrade (Digitalization), further touching the core business of the organization, and aiming to create a new business model.
driving factors
1) Soaring productivity: the fourth technological revolution
2) Changes in production factors: the birth of data elements
3) Breakthrough in information dissemination efficiency: new pattern of social Internet
4) The scale of social “intelligent subjects”: rapid replication and “intelligence”
Fundamental
In the era of digital economy, economic and social competition has further intensified, and the maintenance of competitiveness and competitive advantage from the perspective of traditional development has become increasingly important. Methods such as support and enhancement have become increasingly difficult to support the development needs of the organization. This is mainly reflected in: • Decision bottlenecks • Constraints to change • Loss of intellectual assets • Delay in demand response
Wisdom transfer
The basic principles of digital transformation reveal that individual wisdom (knowledge, skills, experience, etc.) is transferred from “natural persons” individuals to The necessity and importance of organizational intelligence (mastered by computers, information systems, etc.). This "wisdom transfer" is also called "wisdom transplant" and requires a series of processes to be completed. Each organization has different models and methods for carrying out such activities.
1) “Intelligence-data” process
Information process (brain replacement)
① Realize digital expression of various objects through object digitization
②Complete the mapping of physical objects to information space through virtualization
③Realize the reuse and innovation of business knowledge models and experience accumulation through architecture visualization
④ Realize scheduling and decision-making under multiple conditions through computational intelligence
2) “Data-Intelligence” process
Intelligent process (triggering logic of the fourth technological revolution)
Continuous iteration
The digital transformation of organizations needs to implement iterations on the digital transformation of capability factors on the basis of continuous refinement of capability factors. It can be compared to the relationship between overall digital transformation and partial digital transformation. The continuous iteration of the digital “encapsulation” of each capability factor of the organization mainly includes four activities
Construction of the Information Physics World (also known as Digital Physics, CPS)
Power to Edge (PtoE) deployment
Science, Society, Physics, Cyber Mechanism Construction (Cyber-Physical Solial Systems, CPSS)
Digital Frame and Information Modulation (DFIM)
metaverse
Metaverse is an emerging concept and the integration of a large number of technologies
definition
Professor Chen Gang of Peking University defines the Metaverse as: The Metaverse is a virtual world that uses technological means to link and create, to map and interact with the real world, and to be a digital living space with a new social system.
Professor Shen Yang of Tsinghua University defines the Metaverse as: The Metaverse is a new Internet application and social form that integrates virtual and real technologies and is created by integrating multiple new technologies. It provides an immersive experience based on extended reality technology and generates reality with digital technology. The mirror of the world builds an economic system through blockchain technology, closely integrates the virtual world and the real world in the economic system, social system, and identity system, and allows each user to produce and edit content.
Zuo Pengfei, a scholar at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, cross-defines the metaverse from four aspects: time and space, authenticity, independence, and connectivity.
From the perspective of time and space, the metaverse is a digital world that is virtual in the space dimension and real in the time dimension.
From the perspective of authenticity, there are both digital replicas of the real world and creations of the virtual world in the metaverse.
From the perspective of independence, the Metaverse is a parallel space that is closely connected to the external real world and yet highly independent.
From the perspective of connectivity, the Metaverse is a sustainable and wide-coverage virtual reality system that includes networks, hardware terminals and users.
Main features
• Immersive experience: The development of the metaverse is mainly based on people’s demand for Internet experience, which is instant information based immersive experience.
• Virtual identity: People already have a large number of Internet accounts. In the future, people will change the connotation and appearance of their accounts in the metaverse. With further enrichment, it will develop into one or several digital identities. This identity is one or a group of roles in the digital world.
• Virtual economy: The existence of virtual identities enables the Metaverse to have the ability to carry out virtual social activities, and these activities A certain economic model is required to develop, that is, virtual economy
• Virtual social governance: Economic and social activities in the Metaverse also require certain laws, regulations and rules. Just like the real world, the Metaverse also requires community-based social governance.