Wondershare EdrawMind
EdrawMindThe fourth book of reading notes Can artificial intelligence and algorithms defeat humans - A Brief History of the Future
MindMap Gallery The fourth book of reading notes Can artificial intelligence and algorithms defeat humans - A Brief History of the Future
- 12
The fourth book of reading notes Can artificial intelligence and algorithms defeat humans - A Brief History of the Future
The author of this book, Yuval Harari, was born in 1976. He is a young Israeli historian and holds a PhD in history from Oxford University. His last book "A Brief History of Humankind" can be regarded as an "international bestseller". 30 countries have competed to purchase the copyright, and it has also been recommended by Bill Gates and Zuckerberg. "A Brief History of the Future" is about predicting where humanity will go.
Edited at 2023-03-06 14:49:46- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- Project Management Process Template
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
The fourth book of reading notes Can artificial intelligence and algorithms defeat humans - A Brief History of the Future
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- Project Management Process Template
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
- Recommended to you
- Outline
The fourth book of reading notes: Can artificial intelligence and algorithms defeat humans - "A Brief History of the Future"
author information
The author's name is Yuval Harari. Yuval Harari was born in 1976 and is a very good Israeli historian. This man is very powerful. Not only is he very knowledgeable, but he has also been to China.
01 About this book
This book is mainly an exploration and thinking about the future.
Yuval Harari has three books. These three books are part of the brief history series. The first is called "A Brief History of Humanity", the second is called "A Brief History of the Future", and the other is called "A Brief History of Today". 》
02 Why are humans more advanced than animals?
The biggest role of understanding history is to see the future direction from history. Therefore, if we understand history, you can know that human beings have not changed much over the years, but human thinking has undergone tremendous changes in this era.
Because of the intervention of technology and artificial intelligence, great changes will occur in people's thinking.
Because of such changes, we are living in the future. The three major problems that have plagued mankind throughout history are famine, plague and war.
Example 1: But it’s different now. The total number of people who died from famine and malnutrition in 2010 was only 1 million. Do you know how many it used to be? It used to be tens of millions, but now humans have basically solved these three things. That is famine, plague and war.
Example 2: We dare not say that we will not fight wars in the future, but at least we have kept them under control for so many years. Although there is a new coronavirus epidemic, our medical technology can also withstand it. We have already solved the famine. China is now alleviating poverty, and the whole world is also alleviating poverty. There are fewer and fewer hungry people.
What this book explores is, after hunger and famine are solved, what purpose does humankind have?
Yuval Harari believes that it is because people have consciousness. What is consciousness? Consciousness is a subjective experience. Scientists say that consciousness is a subjective experience.
The real power of human beings is that they can enable large groups of people to achieve large-scale flexible cooperation. It is not consciousness itself, but a subjective reality generated by consciousness. This subjective reality is the story we often tell.
Do these fictional things lead people to believe some very strange things? As long as you believe it, it exists.
For example, many people go to church to get married. Why do we get married if it is not good for two people to be together? Because we all believe that church is meaningful and marriage is meaningful, so the matter of getting married will become meaningful. Therefore, one thing that makes humans better than animals is not that humans are conscious, but that humans can generate the meaning of life through certain assumptions.
And these meanings can combine people very efficiently, because with meanings and stories, people are tied together.
In other words, religion means that people only need to pray to God, and God will help you solve all your problems. Yuval Harari should be a very devout atheist. With the theory of evolution, the relationship between humans and animals has changed again, with humans being said to be more advanced than animals.
03Humanism and Liberalism
In this era, the meaning of religion seems to be becoming more and more extensive, so the book talks about humanism as the religion of the modern world.
In fact, when we talk about religion, we don’t just refer to sects such as Christianity, Buddhism, and Muslims. As long as these three views are met, it is called a religion:
01 It has a set of moral laws that it claims were not invented by humans and cannot be changed, requiring people to abide by them.
The first one is the most important. Moral laws and regulations that are not invented by humans and cannot be changed require people to abide by them. So from your point of view, laws and human rights are actually so-called religions, because you can't change them.
The biggest religion now is definitely none other than humanism. It may be a fancy word to say, it is also called liberalism. What is humanism? Humanism teaches us to worship humanity and use humanity to replace the position of God in past religions.
So we just said that a very big improvement in people's thinking is that we realize that people are the most important and put people first. This is the famous humanism.
02 He gave people a promise. As long as you follow this set of regulations, you will have some different benefits.
03 Its purpose is to consolidate its own assumptions, that is, to make you believe the story and to maintain social order.
Use human nature to replace the position of God in the original religion, and use human experience to create meaning for the outside world.
So for the humanistic concept, there is a formula that knowledge equals experience times sensitivity.
What is experience? Experience is our consciousness.
Experience is really becoming more and more important now, why? Because behind the experience is something different between humans and animals, humans and machines, and this thing is consciousness.
When we sympathize with others or are sympathized with, these are what we call sensitivity. So for a liberal, no matter who you are, the most important thing for him is his inner experience. As long as I feel it is right, and what I feel is right, it is right.
In politics, liberals believe that they should listen to the voice of voters, and voters should choose whomever they like according to their inner voice.
The decision-making power to engage in economic liberalism lies with consumers.
Morally, as long as you feel that you can do something about it, you will be happy.
There is no standard answer in education, whatever comes to mind is what you think.
Everyone has eyes in art, and beauty is subjective, not objective.
We used to have imaginary communities, which were stories that everyone believed. Now more and more people seem to not believe the story you believe, and you don’t believe their stories either.
Liberals' emphasis on each person's experience is based on three assumptions.
The first assumption is that I have an indivisible self, and this self is a true self.
The second is that my true self is completely free. In other words, I have a sense of freedom.
The third is that no one knows myself better than myself, only I know what I want.
04 “Three kinds of people” in the future
The book says that there may be three trends in the future, and these three trends correspond to three types of people.
The first type of person is that artificial intelligence will replace it, because artificial intelligence is already very powerful, and people have no value. The first kind of people are called useless people.
The first type is useless people. Most people too. In fact, if you look at there are quite a lot of people like this around you, even if artificial intelligence has almost replaced your career, it will be very difficult for you to find a job.
The second type of person is a person who is valuable as a whole, but has no value as an individual, so he is called a person without autonomy. This is the second type of person.
The second type of person is called a person without autonomy. What does a person without autonomy mean? He is of no use as an individual, but as a whole he is valuable.
He just knows better than you, the system knows you quite well, and he can give you the best advice when you need it most. You say you have no meaning as an individual, but it seems to be really meaningless. You can just listen to his instructions, you are a useless person.
So Harari said that the relationship between computer algorithms and us is roughly divided into three steps.
The first step is that the algorithm is equivalent to the prophet around us. If you have any questions, ask him. The decision-making power is still in your hands, you can ask him.
The second step is for him to get to know you better and better. He will become your agent and serve you. You tell him the general direction and he will execute it. He will make some small decisions during the execution process and have the final say.
The third step is terrifying. In the third step, he becomes your boss, your monarch, and you have to obey him in everything. And Harari predicts that in the future we will rely more and more on this kind of functional assistant, that is, you can't live without a mobile phone. It turns out that we said to look at your mobile phone less, but can you live without a mobile phone now? You can't live, you are too troublesome, so your best way is to listen to your assistant.
The third type is that people are valuable as individuals, and they have undergone biological transformation and become superhuman beings, also called god-men.
They are the people who are changing this era. The algorithm cannot understand these genes and does not know what their needs are. These are the masters of the world. They are the people who stand behind the algorithm and make very important decisions. Ordinary people listen to the algorithm. The algorithm listens to them, but they may be either Homo sapiens, Homo sapiens, or people who have taken the initiative to upgrade using biotechnology.
Therefore, these three trends have been transformed by the trend of technological progress into three types of people, namely useless people, people without autonomy and gods.
05 Summary
Harari made a summary, saying that there are two religions you can see:
The first is technological humanism
What is technological humanism? It means upgrading one’s own life. What is technological humanism?
Example 1: It is to upgrade your own life. We have talked about a book called "Life 3.0". Do you remember it? It is to upgrade your own life and turn yourself into a god. In fact, this upgrade has been done for a long time. Let’s start. Nowadays, there are a lot of technologies like this that are really dark and terrible. The US military has developed a helmet. It is said that after wearing it, a person's concentration will become better and better. You say this is really a god. There was an accidental genetic mutation in Homo sapiens 70,000 years ago, and we suddenly became a creature with cognitive abilities. Now, is it possible for us to use technology to transform into another kind of creature? We don’t know. This is really true. It's a pretty scary feeling.
Technological humanism is actually a new version of the evolutionary humanism mentioned earlier. Although it is still called humanism, it adds technology to it.
The second one is called Data Teaching
What is dataism? In other words, dataism. What does it mean?
We now see that almost everything in life around us is inseparable from data. Sometimes I often say a sentence. After saying this, Douyin will recommend this product to me, and Taobao will calculate this thing for you. I discovered that everything seems to be related to data, and the world seems to be connected into a network, and this network is in the name of data.
Therefore, the web of all things may become the first particularly precious thing in the world, more precious than human beings.
Harari said that there are two bounding laws of dataism.
The first is that you should connect with as much media and information as possible, constantly receive information, produce information, digest information, and maximize your information flow.
Second, you need to connect more things to everything. Even if some of them are private, you have to find ways to put them online. Sharing and dissemination are the last places where informationism can go.
If your freedom crosses the line, will it hurt others?