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Purchasing needs analysis
Chapter 2 of the third edition of Procurement Management is a summary of the knowledge of procurement demand analysis. It mainly includes two parts, one is market research, and the other is the determination of procurement needs.
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Purchasing needs analysis
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- Plant asexual reproduction
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- Reproductive development of animals
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- Outline
Chapter 2: Procurement Demand Analysis
Section 1: Market Research
1. Commonly used analytical tools for market research
(1) Enterprise external environment analysis tool-PEST analysis method
1. Political factors
2. Economic factors
3.Social factors
4.Technical factors
(2) Procurement variety analysis tool-product life cycle analysis method
Introduction period
growth period
mature stage
Recession
(3) Enterprise competition analysis tool-five forces model analysis method
1. Competition among suppliers
2. Threats posed by new competitors entering the market
3. New or substitute products or services in the market
4. Competition among upstream suppliers
5. Buyer’s position in the market
(4) Enterprise internal and external environment analysis tools - SWOT analysis method
1. Analyze the environment
2. Construct a SWOT matrix
3. Develop a strategy
2. Demand Forecasting Technology
(1) Qualitative prediction method
1. Extrapolation and forecasting method
(1) Balance sheet forecasting method
(2) Analogy
(3) Transduction method
(4) Joint testing method
2.Group of opinions method
3. Expert panel method
(1) Draw up a forecast consultation form
(2) Select the target for consultation
(3) Repeatedly solicit expert opinions
(4) Make predictions and conclusions
(2) Quantitative prediction method
1. Time series analysis method
(1) Intuitive method
(2) Moving average method
2.Causal analysis and prediction method
(1) Univariate linear regression analysis method
(2) Multiple regression analysis method
3. Steps to implement market research
(1) Formulate market research plan
1. Determine the direction of market research
2. Set up specific methods for market research
3. Set specific goals and schedule for market research
(2) Prepare market survey questionnaire
1. Contents of the questionnaire
2. Principles of questionnaire design
(1) Principle of purpose
(2) Acceptability principle
(3) Sequential principle
(4) Principle of simplicity
(5) Matching principle
(3) Survey using questionnaires
(4) Writing a market research report
1. Format of writing market research report
(1 Introduction
(2) Text
(3) Key points analysis
(4 Conclusion
(5) Suggestions and comments
2. Things to note when writing a market research report
(1) Determine the readers of the market research report
(2) Report format
(3) Contents of the report
(4) There should be suggestions in the report
3. Implementation steps for writing a market research report
Step One: Preparation for Writing an Investigation Report
Step 2: Write an investigation report
Step 3: Submit investigation report
Section 2: Determination of Procurement Requirements
1. Determination of sales plan
Basic principles of sales planning
(1) Combined with the company’s production situation
(2) Combined with market demand
(3) Combined with market competition conditions
(4) Combined with the realization of the last sales plan
(5) Combined with existing sales orders
(6) Combined with competitors’ sales situation
2. Material consumption quota
1. Effective consumption of products
2. Processing losses
3. Non-process consumption
technical analysis
statistical analysis
Empirical estimation method
3. Material requirements planning
(1) Independent needs and related needs
(2) Logical structure of material requirements planning
(3) Basic calculation steps of material requirements planning
(1) Calculate the gross demand for materials
(2) Calculate net demand
(3) Batch calculation
(4) Calculation of safety stock, scrap rate, loss rate, etc.
(5) Release planned orders
(6) Calculate again
4. Collect and organize purchase requisitions
(1) Format and content of purchase requisition
(1) Product specifications or service quality description
(2) Quantity of products or quantitative standards of services
(3) Time and place of demand
(2) Source of purchase requisition
(1) Standard purchase requisition
(2) System-driven purchase requisition
(3) Requisition based on bill of materials
(3) Principles for processing purchase requisitions
(1) First come, first served principle
(2) Principle of arrangement according to demand date
(3) Urgent order priority principle
(4) Priority principle for important orders
(5) Seasonal order priority principle
5. Formation of demand report
(1) Statistical analysis
(1) Summary statistics on purchase requisitions
(2) Statistics of daily sales reports of each unit
(2) ABC classification
(1) First conduct statistical analysis and select an appropriate statistical period.
(2) Based on the unit price and sales volume, make an ABC analysis card for various materials and fill in the product name, sales quantity, and sales amount.
(3) Arrange the ABC analysis cards in descending order of sales, and fill in the material numbers for each material according to this sequence number.
(4) Fill in all the ABC analysis cards into the ABC analysis table in sequence, calculate the ratio of the amount of each material to the total amount of purchased goods, and make cumulative statistics.