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TOEFL Reading Notes
The TOEFL reading test is a TOEFL test subject that most candidates must get high scores or even full scores. If you do not have enough reserves, it may be difficult for you to get high scores. This mind map introduces TOEFL reading methods and question-taking principles to everyone, and is very comprehensive.
Edited at 2020-09-19 16:41:11- bacteria
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Plant asexual reproduction
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Reproductive development of animals
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
TOEFL Reading Notes
- bacteria
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Plant asexual reproduction
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Reproductive development of animals
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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- Outline
Reading theory class notes
Series and combination, graphical
series connection
causal series
N1arrowN2
explicit logical words
since, because, reason, factor, explain, account for, due to, result, result in,
so, therefore, thus, as a consequence, result from
Implicit logical words
cause, lead to, contribute to, encourage, make, affect, come from, depend on
sequential concatenation
N1arrowN2
explicit logical words
firstly, begin, initially, then, and, later, follow, finally, in the end, in summary, to conclude, last
in parallel
Parallel connection
N1 N2
explicit logical words
and, or, both...and..., either...or..., not only... but also..., apart from, moreover
Implicit logical words
meanwhile, at the same time, simultaneously
Contrast parallel
N1 VS N2
explicit logical words
but, yet, however, nevertheless, in fact, on the other hand, not while, although, admittedly, in spite of
Implicit logical words
Comparison between ancient and modern times
earily, before, used to, previous, ago, in the past
now, nowadays, today, present, currently, modern
How much contrast
many, most, commonly, in most case, generally, usually
Equal signs in parallel
N1= N2
explicit logical words
that is, in other words, equal, similar, mimic, this, these
Implicit logical words
appositive, in which
combine
total score relationship
N1:n1
explicit logical words
for example, including, such as, in detail, like
Implicit logical words
in particular, particularly, especially, contain
Read quickly and understand
Read fast
Extract keywords based on logical words
Total points, total attention
a and other b, pay attention to b
:
Hypernyms, such as outside
Compare both sides
difference
Rather than, look for content that "is"
whether or
less than, more than
a, b, and other c
Choose one of them in parallel
consist of
and
in addition to
Concatenate to see the beginning and end (tail)
making
leaving
understand
Word response speed, depth of grammatical understanding
word
Reflect meaning, not meaning
Don’t know, don’t worry
grammar
Distinguish between trunk and modification
Learn how to segment long and difficult sentences
For factual questions, rewrite them
Question order
Read the title first
For question 1, read the article from the beginning and do the questions.
For question 2, then read the article and do the questions.
Draw a structure diagram at the end of the full text
Wrong option
The information appeared in the original text, but it was wrong.
Be careful with extreme words, superlatives, comparisons and other options
Tangled in selection
Return to original text, return to options
Read each word and match carefully
When analyzing questions, be objective
Inference questions
Sign words: infer, imply, suggest
Principles for solving questions: if one party is known, find the other party
Rhetorical purpose question
Sign word: author
combine
Total: to define
Points: to illustrate, to explain
and
to contrast, to refute, to criticize
string
N1 to illustrate, to explaine N2
Vocabulary questions
Select directly and compare whether there are similar options
logical analysis or root analysis
Sentence Simplification Questions
Analyze logical relationships within sentences
Sentence insertion questions
Card front: nouns, pronouns, logical relationships
After the card: nouns, pronouns, logical relationships
Summarize the questions and look at the structure
Pay attention to the title of the full text
Pay attention to the last sentence of the question stem
The three options summarize the core content of the article in sequence and without repetition.
There are logical options that may be correct
The last paragraph of the full text, corresponding to the last correct option
It is preferable to consider whether the option is consistent with the original text, and then consider whether it is a detail.
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