MindMap Gallery Greedy Dopamine Reading Notes
In this book, the author first uses dopamine to explain the national character of Americans, which is already very imaginative. The book uses dopamine to explore the nature of human nature and the destiny of mankind, and the pattern is immediately raised. This book starts from science, and finally rises to a height overlooking human beings. It is a very rare book that drives high and goes high. This book is about how dopamine, the "desire molecule", affects people's thoughts and actions. It starts from a series of neuroscience and psychological facts about dopamine, and finally rises to the height of overlooking human nature and human destiny. Some of the views are quite thought-provoking!
Edited at 2024-03-12 17:52:20This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
"Greedy Dopamine" Reading Notes
Chapter 7 Harmony
E. B. White
I wake up in the morning, torn between the two desires of improving the world and enjoying it. This makes planning for the day difficult
How to achieve harmony between upward and downward
Mastery creates a sense of what psychologists call an "internal locus of control"
It refers to the tendency to view one's choices and experiences as being under one's control rather than being determined by fate, luck, or others
This is a pretty good feeling
Becoming masterful at something helps develop your internal core of control and creates a sense of satisfaction (even if only for a short time).
But this requires a lot of time and energy, and it also requires continuous mental training
Mastering a skill requires students to constantly step outside their comfort zone
Don’t try to multitask, giving your full attention improves almost any experience
People feel less happy when their minds wander, and this is true regardless of the activity they are engaged in.
Fixing things also improves self-efficacy and increases feelings of control: molecules of the moment provide dopaminergic satisfaction
If we want to be great, we may have to accept the fact that suffering is part of it
While others enjoy the company of family and friends, it is dissatisfaction with the status quo that keeps us at work
proficient
The joy of being good at something Mastery is the ability to get the most out of a given environment
From a dopamine perspective, mastery is a good thing to look forward to and pursue, but it is different from other good things
Pay attention to reality
Focusing on what you are doing at the moment maximizes the flow of information into your brain
It maximizes dopamine’s ability to make new plans
Natural scenes stimulate "subcortical arousal" (desire dopamine) and "cortical attentional control" (control dopamine)
Don’t try to multitask, giving your full attention improves almost any experience and lowers stress levels
The researchers further examined the subjects' happiness levels
found that people's happiness decreased when their minds wandered, and this was true regardless of the activity they were engaged in.
Whether they are eating, working, watching TV or socializing, they are happier if they focus on what they are doing
The researchers concluded: “Human thinking is a kind of wandering thinking, and wandering thinking makes people unhappy.
get satisfaction
No matter how smart, ingenious, and creative you are, your dopamine circuits won't accomplish much without the raw material provided by your senses in the present moment.
Understand that ideas must be combined with real-life activities to be carried out simultaneously
People with breakthrough ideas are often dissatisfied, lonely and addicted
A corporate executive working in the financial services industry spends his days wondering about stock options, asset derivatives, currency rates and other financial beasts
He was wealthy but miserable, a pain that drove him to see a mental health professional
A few months later, he rediscovered his passion for painting, a hobby he had abandoned decades earlier
"I can't wait to go home at the end of the day," he told his doctor. "I painted for four hours last night and I didn't even realize the time had passed.
Many activities, such as cooking, gardening and exercise, combine intellectual stimulation with physical activity, improving our mood and making us feel more accomplished
These activities can last a lifetime and never go out of style
Drawing, petting cats, reading, listening to music, dancing, and watching dramas are all flow experiences.
Most people are too lazy to engage in creative activities
Such as painting, composing music or making a model airplane
We can't find a practical reason to do these things
They are difficult, at least in the beginning, and they may not make us money, bring us prestige, or guarantee us a better future
But they might make us happy
TINYpulse believes that happiness is crucial to the success of a company, so the investigators expanded the investigation of happiness to all walks of life, including a series of fascinating fields such as technology, finance, and biology.
But none of these fields ranks high in the happiness they bring to people, because the happiest people are construction workers
Maybe it’s true that migrant workers are happier than IT migrant workers
accept suffering
Accept the fact that suffering is part of it
It is dissatisfaction with the status quo that keeps us working
How to use your dopamine
Being flooded with dopamine every moment is not the path to the best future
Unlocking the brain's full potential requires a combination of sensory reality and abstract thought
When it operates at its peak, it produces not only happiness and contentment, or wealth and knowledge, but also rich sensory experiences and wisdom
Dopamine can guide you to happily write down your wishes and make many plans. The most important thing is to practice them in real life. You can’t just think about it without doing it.
happy way
Dopamine: the “reward” hormone
try new things
Complete a series of small tasks
listen to music
meditation
The habit of setting goals: be practical, think about the goals repeatedly, and imagine what you will look like after achieving the goals.
Serotonin: Mood “Stabilizer”
bask in the sun
meditation
Proper vitamin D supplementation
sports
healthy diet
Practice gratitude
Oxytocin: "The Love Hormone"
give someone a hug
listen to music
express appreciation to others
get along with friends
Participate in social activities
Play with small animals
Endorphins -: natural "painkillers"
engage in moderate intensity exercise
Practice yoga or meditation
listen to music
painting
laugh
Eat small amounts of dark chocolate
Moderate credit for spicy food
Chapter 6 Progress
Only one thing can save us: gaining better balance and overcoming our obsession with “more”
Appreciate the infinite complexity of reality and learn to enjoy what we have
Gene that helps the body make D4 dopamine receptors (DRD4)
People with long versions of the DRD4 gene (such as the 7R allele) are more likely to take risks
They like to pursue new experiences because they have little tolerance for boredom
They enjoy exploring new places, ideas, foods, drugs, and sexual opportunities; they are adventurers
About 1/5 of the world's population has the 7R allele, but it varies greatly from place to place
Dopamine always drives people to seek more
This makes them restless and dissatisfied, leaving them hungry for something better
These people therefore leave their existing communities to explore the unknown world
work harder to solve problems
migrant
The United States and other immigrant societies may have the largest number of dopaminergic genes
As of 2005, 52% of startups in Silicon Valley were founded by immigrants, a significant number considering that immigrants make up only 13% of the U.S. population
The country that provides the United States with the most tech entrepreneurs is India
From nail salons, restaurants, dry cleaners to America's fastest-growing companies, immigrants start a quarter of all new businesses in the U.S., with about twice as many entrepreneurs per capita as other Americans.
bipolar disorder
About 2.4% of people have bipolar disorder
People who work in creative fields such as dance, acting, music and writing are 25% more likely to develop bipolar disorder than those who do not work in creative fields
The higher the IQ score at age 8, the greater the risk of developing bipolar disorder at or before age 23
Many famous creative people have revealed they suffer from bipolar disorder
People with hypersexuality are positive, even overly optimistic, lively and humorous, overconfident or even arrogant, full of energy, and always have various plans.
Scholars’ explanation of dopamine
Scholars might say that her essence is her ability to understand the world, her ability to transcend the flow of material sensory information to make sense of what she perceives
Empathy
If we ignore empathy, we lose the ability to make others happy
social isolation
Loneliness can lead to a 50% to 90% risk of premature death, even in the absence of loneliness
This rate is about the same as smoking and higher than obesity or lack of exercise.
Even just to survive, our brains need affinity
fertility
In developed countries, people have almost lost interest in having children
Raising children costs a lot of money
In developed countries, in order to replace a parent, each woman needs to have an average of 2.1 children.
Governments are doing everything they can to prevent their countries from becoming ghost towns
Germany opens borders to take in refugees during Syrian refugee crisis
VR
Senses to experience virtual sex life without inconvenient tights such as reproduction. After all, people are no longer willing to have children.
When current trends meet the temptation of VR, the future of mankind will be very questionable
Chapter 5 Liberalism and Conservatism
free
Libertarians are associated with: risk-taking, thrill-seeking, impulsivity, and authoritarianism, which also happen to be characteristics of elevated dopamine
Liberals often refer to themselves as "progressive," a word that connotes constant improvement
Progressives are idealists who use dopamine to imagine a better world than the one we live in today
Progressivism is a forward arrow
keep
The word "conservative" means to maintain the precious heritage we inherited from our ancestors
Conservatives are often skeptical of change
Conservatives distrust progressives’ idealism
Why short videos are popular now, headline news
Highlight – dopamine
A short and superficial article is more likely to stand out – it stands out
It brings a quick release of dopamine and grabs our attention
So we click on a dozen provocative headlines, link to short videos about kittens, and skip long articles about health care
Healthcare articles are more relevant to our lives, but the effort required to digest them is nothing compared to the relief and pleasure of a dopamine hit
Controlling dopamine might stop this tendency, but it gets swept up in the tide of novelty and flashiness that is the currency of the internet.
So the best way is not to be fooled in the first place
The pain of loss is stronger than the joy of gain
get
Potentially rewarding future got 1 from dopamine
It gets 0 from the present system, because the present system only cares about the present
loss
Loss is also about the future, so dopamine is involved and gets –1
Loss is also about the present system because it affects what we have now
So now the system gives -1
The dopamine system and the present system work together. Put them together: gain equals 1 and loss equals –2
Fear, like desire, is essentially a concept about the future, which is the domain of dopamine
However, the present moment system intensifies the pain of loss by activating the amygdala
Prompts changes in our judgment when deciding how best to manage risk
Chapter 4 Genius and Madman
"Highlight" triggers dopamine
If certain things are important to you, if they have the potential to affect your happiness, for better or worse, they stand out
Things that trigger desire dopamine are also prominent.
We must classify some things as low salience, unimportant, and then ignore them
The reason for this is simply because if you noticed every detail of the world around you, you would be overwhelmed
dopaminergic personality
If a person is obsessed with "the future is more valuable" at the expense of the happiness that can be experienced now (delayed gratification)
Dopaminergic people are more interested in long-term actions and plans
Higher proportion of writers, artists and musicians
Extremely smart, successful, and creative people whose primary concern is a passion for creation, discovery, or enlightenment
The power of dopamine: transcending sensory impressions to reveal the deeper meaning underlying experiences
The elite group of scientists is full of artistic souls
The proportion of members of the National Academy of Sciences with artistic interests is about 1.5 times that of the general population.
The number of members of the Royal Society is roughly double, and the number of Nobel laureates nearly three times
The better you are at handling the most complex and abstract ideas, the more likely you are to become an artist
Some companies have to hire out-of-work musicians to cope because they learn programming faster than others
High levels of dopamine inhibit the functioning of the present molecule, so smart people tend to be poor at relationships
They are passionate about human beings, but impatient and indifferent to others.
Einstein said: "I love mankind, but I hate people"
cost
Creative geniuses have overactive dopamine systems, which puts them at higher risk for mental illness
bipolar disorder
They have made many contributions to the public, but no matter how rich, famous or successful they become, they rarely experience happiness and never know contentment
The evolutionary forces that facilitated the survival of the species produced these special individuals
Nature drives them to sacrifice their own well-being and bring new ideas and innovations into the world that benefit others
Book information
author
[US] Daniel Lieberman
Honorary member of the American Psychiatric Association, winner of the Cullen Foundation Research Award, and published more than 50 behavioral research reports
[US] Michael E. Long
He has written many screenplays for film and television dramas and was shortlisted for the Best Screenplay Award at the Slandance Film Festival.
Publisher: CITIC Press
Publication year: 2021-8
Preface
what is dopamine
Misunderstanding: Dopamine is not a pleasure molecule, but an anticipation molecule, and the unexpectedness of rewards
Drinking fat house water produces happy molecules
Want to drink will produce dopamine
What a girlfriend likes most is an unexpected surprise from her boyfriend
The production of dopamine is driven by survival needs and reproductive activities: it is natural to think of a book
"The Selfish Gene"
desire dopamine circuit
Dopamine will not be satisfied with a certain standard, and its pursuit will never end.
Dopamine circuits in the brain are stimulated only by the possibility of something shiny, no matter how perfect it already is
Dopamine’s motto is “want more”, so it’s also greedy
hypersecretion
drug addiction
Schizophrenia
ADHD
hyposecretion negative
Willingness to exercise, low mood and depression
Chapter 1 Love
Love is a need, a desire, a drive to find life's greatest rewards
Helen Fisher, biological anthropologist
Dopamine has a very special responsibility: to maximize the use of future resources and pursue better things
People with high dopamine levels want to climb, explore and conquer a mountain, but they can’t because it doesn’t exist
The mountain itself exists, but the imagined experience of being at the top is impossible.
Dopamine keeps us chasing phantoms
Although only 0.0005%, or one in 200,000, of brain cells can produce dopamine, these cells can have a huge impact on behavior
When participants produce dopamine, they experience feelings of pleasure, so they go to great lengths to activate these rare cells.
In fact, under certain circumstances, activating "feel-good" dopamine can be an irresistible temptation.
Some scientists have named dopamine the "happy molecule" and the pathway that produces dopamine in the brain is called the "reward circuit."
But the dopamine response is not to reward, but to reward prediction error, which is actual reward minus expected reward
Happiness is not because of what you have got, but because of what you haven’t got or what you haven’t thought about.
Why does constant stimulation turn off dopamine?
Due to reward expectation error (actual received - expected received)
Dopamine is not a pleasure maker, but a response to the unexpected, a response to possibility and expectation
This simple idea provides a chemical explanation for an age-old question: why love fades
Our brains are wired to crave the unexpected, and therefore look forward to the future, where every exciting dream is born.
But when anything, including love, becomes routine, that excitement slips away and our attention is drawn to something new and novel.
Scientists who study this phenomenon have named this pleasure derived from novelty "reward prediction error."
When the exciting mystery of the unknown turns into the tedious familiarity of routine, dopamine's job is done and disappointment sets in.
The brain manages the external world by dividing it into two separate areas
That is, "near body" and "distant body" - simply put, they are the two areas near and far
The near-body space includes what is within reach of your arms. Things within this range can be immediately controlled by your hands. This is a real world.
Things in the near-body space can be experienced in the present moment
The experience is immediate. When we touch, taste, hold, or hold something, we instantly feel happy, sad, angry, and joyful.
Far space is where your arms can't reach. Whether it's 3 feet away or 3 million miles away, this realm represents possibility.
That's the very definition of things in distant space: getting to them takes effort, time, and most of the time planning
We also came to a neurochemical conclusion: the way the brain works in the near-body space is completely different from that in the far-body space.
It makes sense that the human mind is designed to differentiate things this way: it uses one system to deal with what you have and another system to deal with what you don't have.
When you look down, you're looking into near-body space, and your brain is dominated by chemicals that process your current experience.
But when the brain processes distant space, there is one chemical that has a greater impact than all the others: dopamine, which is associated with anticipation and possibility
Finding love and maintaining love also use two different sets of skills
Love must shift from distant body experience to near body experience
From pursuit to possession, from eager anticipation to careful care. These skills vary greatly
Charm creates desire that cannot be satisfied because the object of this desire exists only in the imagination
The dopamine-driven option doesn't require much effort on your part, but it's over quickly, like the pleasure that eating a cookie gives you
And sustainable love shifts your expectations of the future to the experience of the present, from fantasizing about any possibility to embracing reality with all its imperfections.
Why does love disappear? The relationship will also end
This transition is not easy to make, so none of us would turn down an easy way out of the difficulty.
That's why when the dopamine fire of early romance goes out, so do many relationships
Early love is like a merry-go-round at the foot of a bridge
This Trojan can take you on a wonderful journey round and round. You can play it as many times as you want, but it will always stop where you started.
Every time the music stops and your feet return to the ground, you have to make a choice: sit one more time, or cross that bridge and find a more lasting love
"Pursue more" and "enjoy the moment" are controlled by two different mechanisms
Dopamine’s primary command is “want more”
Dopamine is a molecule that fosters a feeling of insatiability. Once he sleeps with someone, his immediate goal becomes finding his next partner
From a dopamine perspective, possession is boring, only obtaining is interesting
Dopamine circuits in the brain are stimulated only by the possibility of something shiny, no matter how perfect it already is
To enjoy what we have, not just what is possible
Our brains have to transition from future-oriented dopamine to a present-oriented certain chemicals, a series of neurotransmitters we call “present molecules.”
Most people are familiar with their names, including serotonin, oxytocin, endorphins (the brain’s equivalent of morphine), and endocannabinoids (the brain’s equivalent of marijuana)
The relationship between the two
Early love or "passionate love" only lasts 12 to 18 months. After that, for a couple to remain attached to each other they need to develop a different kind of love, which is called "companionate love."
Expressed in love
Although the circuits of dopamine and present molecules work together, in most cases they work against each other.
When present molecular circuits are activated and we prefer to experience the real world around us, dopamine is suppressed
When dopamine circuits are activated, we enter a future full of possibilities, and present molecules are inhibited
It’s not easy to say goodbye to the dopamine rush that makes you seek new love and crave passion, but having the ability to do so is a sign of maturity and a step toward lasting happiness.
specific hormones
Dopamine represents obsession and craving, while the chemicals most associated with long-term relationships are oxytocin and vasopressin
Oxytocin is more active in women, while vasopressin is more active in men
Vasopressin is like a "good husband hormone," while dopamine is the opposite
People with genes that produce high levels of dopamine have more sexual partners and are younger at first intercourse.
Testosterone: The Catalyst of Sexual Attraction
Sexual desire in both men and women is triggered by testosterone
Men produce large amounts of testosterone - which causes masculine characteristics
Women produce smaller amounts of testosterone in their ovaries
On average, women have the highest testosterone levels on days 13 and 14 of their menstrual cycle
At this time, the ovaries will release eggs, and they are most likely to become pregnant.
Testosterone levels vary randomly from day to day and even within a day
Testosterone and dopamine have a special relationship
In passionate love, testosterone is a present molecule that is not inhibited by dopamine
In fact, together they create a feedback loop
A "perpetual motion machine" that enhances romantic feelings
Waiting delays the most exciting stages of love
The bittersweet feeling created by distance and moderation is the result of this chemical reaction
Why should you save the first time until after marriage?
Reasons why the state of being in love never lasts
When we fall in love, we look forward to a perfect future with the person we love
This is a future that exists in the fiery imagination, but 12 to 18 months later, when reality becomes clear, this imagination will be shattered. what will happen next
In many cases, it's all over
Afterwards, the search for dopaminergic stimulation resumed
Alternatively, passionate love might transform into something more lasting
It can be companionate love, which may not be as stimulating as dopamine, but is based on the neurotransmitters of the moment
Like oxytocin, vasopressin and endorphins, it provides you with a long-term sense of well-being
Love can start with dopamine, but it can’t end with dopamine
Dopamine is never satisfied, it just says "I want more"
Chapter 2 Drugs
The Nature of Dopamine (Want)
It's always focused on getting more, with an eye on helping the future
Hunger is something that happens right now
But dopamine says, "Go eat a donut, even if you're not hungry."
It will ensure your survival in the future too. Who knows when there will be food again?
This meant a lot to our ancestors, who mostly lived on the edge of starvation
But for modern people, a lot of eating is not for survival. In addition to hunger, are there other animal instincts?
When it finds something of potential value, it secretes dopamine, sending messages such as "Wake up," "Pay attention," and "This is important."
It conveys this message by creating a feeling of "want", usually excitement
This feeling is not something you choose, but a reaction to what happens to you.
Broadly speaking, saying something is "important" is almost the same as saying it has something to do with dopamine.
When something comes along that is beneficial to our lasting survival, without giving it a second thought, dopamine makes us get it now, whether we like it or not, or need it now.
Dopamine circuits do not process real-world experiences, only imagined future possibilities
"What shall we do tomorrow?" they asked themselves as they chewed their food, forgetting the fact that
They too had eagerly anticipated this meal, but now turned a blind eye to it
The journey with hope is happier than the destination, this is the motto of dopamine lovers
Whenever I'm making plans, dopamine kicks in
People tend to imagine the best possible future
For example, when planning a schedule, people will think: I will complete it on time every day
For example, after getting the result of something, you will feel dissatisfied
Some theories about drug addiction
People tend to confuse the feelings of wanting (dopamine) and liking (the present molecule)
These two feelings are generated by two different systems in the brain, so what we want is often what we don't like
Want but don’t necessarily need
"Like" involves different brain circuits than desire circuits, and uses present chemicals, rather than dopamine, to send messages
It's natural to confuse wanting with liking
We often want things we don’t like, and our desires can also lead us to pursue things that can destroy our lives, such as drugs, gambling, and other out-of-control behaviors
The peculiarities of drugs
never satisfied
Drugs fundamentally different from natural dopamine triggers
That is, drugs do not have a saturation circuit and will not close the desire channel.
Moreover, the pleasure brought by drugs cannot be achieved by natural dopamine.
When we're hungry, nothing motivates us more than eating
But after we are full, our motivation to obtain food decreases because the satiety circuit is activated and the desire circuit is turned off
The human body has checks and balance mechanisms in place to keep everything stable
But for drug use, the satiety circuit doesn't exist
Why do people say "No expectations, no disappointments?"
When the reward you expect does not materialize, the dopamine system shuts down
When the dopamine system is at rest, it is fired at a rate of 3 to 5 times per second
Generally happy, often calm
But when it's excited, its firing rate surges to 20 to 30 times per second
excited, happy
When the expected reward doesn't materialize, the rate of dopamine firing drops to zero, and it feels bad
Feeling of loss, emptiness, decadence
Causes, Keys, and Solutions to Addiction
reason
Addiction is not a sign of weakness or lack of willpower
It's just what happens when the desire circuitry goes into a pathological state due to overstimulation.
Convenience is the key to addiction
Whether a thing is easy to obtain is a key factor in whether it is easy to become addicted.
measure
To reduce the problems caused by these substances, the most effective way is to make it more difficult to obtain them
What brain circuits are powerful enough to counteract dopamine?
The answer is dopamine, and dopamine fights dopamine
The opposite circuit to the desire circuit may be called the "dopamine control circuit"
Chapter 3 The power of control
On the two circuits of dopamine
Dopamine passing through the mesolimbic circuit produces impulses. We call this circuit the dopamine desire circuit.
Calculation and planning (the means of controlling situations) come from mesocortical circuits, which we call dopamine control circuits
Both loops start from the same place, but
Desire circuits end in parts of the brain that spark excitement and passion
The control circuit goes to the frontal lobe, the part of the brain that is responsible for logical thinking.
Controlling dopamine allows us to transcend raw dopamine’s “want”
It provides us with the tools to understand, analyze and model the world around us
Why “When I have high expectations for success, others get out of my way.”
How subtle nonverbal behaviors influence how people perceive each other
When people stretch out and take up a lot of space, they are considered dominant, or in control
Instead, they are considered submissive when they tighten their limbs and take up as little space as possible
Most of the time we imitate the behavior of the person we are talking to
If one person touches his face or makes a gesture, the other person will do the same
But this time it's different
When it came to dominant and submissive postures, subjects were more likely to assume complementary postures rather than copy the same posture
Control triggers compliance, compliance triggers control
We unconsciously know that when others have high expectations for success, we make way for them
We submit to their will - driven by controlled dopamine, their self-efficacy is fully expressed
There's a good reason our brains evolved the way they do: It's not wise to compete in a game you can't win
If you find that your opponent has high expectations for success, it will be less easy for you to win.
The purpose of submissive behavior is to control the environment and achieve goals
In order to achieve a certain goal, it is necessary to express self-efficacy (belief in one's ability to do it), and to control the situation by showing appropriate compliance.
Victory is like a drug, it is addictive
How dopamine fights cravings
Willpower Plans and Strategies
When dopamine is needed to fight cravings, willpower isn't its only tool
It can also use planning, strategy and abstraction capabilities
Willpower is like a muscle. It gets tired after being used. It may not take long before it gives up.
"Resisting temptation appears to have a psychological cost in that participants are later more likely to give up when faced with setbacks."
If you're on a diet, the more you resist temptation, the more likely you are to fail next time
Specific therapy (fighting cravings)
Motivational Enhancement Therapy: Fighting Desire Dopamine with Desire Dopamine
In motivational enhancement therapy (MET), patients try to tolerate feelings of resentment and deprivation, a.k.a. the dopamine punishment of disappointment, because they know it will lead to better outcomes
Let him express his desire for a better life
The purpose of treatment is to stimulate people's desire for a better life
As the old saying goes: “We don’t believe what we hear, but we believe what we say.”
If you want to convince someone to accept a point of view, first find a way to get him to help you explain the point of view.
If you lecture someone on the importance of honesty and then have them play a game in which they are rewarded for cheating, you may find that the lecture is ineffective
But if you ask someone to lecture you about the importance of honesty and then sit them down to play a game, they are less likely to cheat.
Cognitive behavioral therapy: Fighting craving dopamine with dopamine control
Desire is triggered by cues: drugs, alcohol, and things that remind the addict of drugs and alcohol
Alcoholics treated with cognitive behavioral therapy learn to fight cue-induced cravings in many different ways
Mission: Search and destroy (hint of discovery)
Twelve-Step Facilitation Therapy: Combat Desire Dopamine with Moment Molecules
The feeling of guilt in the moment is a powerful motivator (your mother probably took advantage of this too)
The combination of emotional support and the threat of guilt helps many addicts stay sober for the long term.
Alcoholism rewrites genes (enemy of wit)
Scientists recently discovered that addiction to alcohol changes the way certain segments of DNA work that are critical to the normal functioning of frontal lobe dopamine control circuits
Changes in DNA make drinkers drink alcohol even when they know there will be unpleasant consequences