capsid (shell)

core

capsule

spike

nanometer

spiral symmetry

icosahedral symmetry

compound symmetry

nucleic acid

protein

other ingredients

The shape is tiny and can be observed at the nanometer level using an electron microscope.

Cellless structures, usually containing only one type of nucleic acid, DNA or RNA, some simple viruses are composed only of nucleic acid and protein.

Parasitism within living cells

Infectious

Exists in a macromolecular state outside cells and does not show life phenomena

Generally not sensitive to antibiotics, but sensitive to interferon.

Viruses contain a type of nucleic acid, DNA or RNA, and are obligately parasitic in living cells. They can only rely on the metabolic system of the host cell to complete nucleic acid replication and protein synthesis. After assembly, they reproduce and can be used as inanimate macromolecules outside the cell. non-cellular microorganisms that exist in a state.

Adsorption

Intrusion and shelling

Biosynthesis

assembly

freed

virulent bacteriophage

temperate bacteriophage

plaque

Plaques (animal viruses) and foci of infection (tumor viruses)

Necrotic spots (dead spots)

Virus interference phenomenon

lesion effect

inclusion bodies

other

Infectious unit of virus Potency or virulence of a virus LD50 Infectious dose

Culture medium

Bacterial plates become residue plates

Phage