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Lifelong Growth Reading Notes
The author proposes a fixed mindset and a growth mindset, telling you how people should grow throughout their lives and how they can continue to achieve success.
Edited at 2020-07-04 12:06:02- bacteria
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- Plant asexual reproduction
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
Lifelong Growth Reading Notes
- bacteria
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Plant asexual reproduction
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Reproductive development of animals
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Recommended to you
- Outline
"Lifelong Growth" Carol Dweck
Chapter 1 Thinking Pattern
Why people are different
Both innate factors and acquired efforts will have an impact
What do the two mindsets mean to you?
fixed mindset
Believe that your talents are immutable and are eager to prove your abilities over and over again
growth mindset
Your basic abilities can be cultivated through your efforts
This mode of thinking allows people to thrive even when they encounter major challenges in life.
Different lives under two modes of thinking
Fixed thinking mode, seeing problems and being pessimistic
With a growth mindset, even if you are frustrated, you will not label yourself or lose confidence in yourself. You will face challenges head-on and continue to strive for it.
What’s new in the concept of thinking patterns
These concepts have actually been around for a long time, and have been mentioned in ancient proverbs and classic quotes.
fixed mindset person
Believe that efforts and risks expose one's own shortcomings and prove that one is not capable enough to complete something
Fear of challenges and disdain for effort
Self-examination: Who can accurately understand their own strengths and weaknesses?
People with a growth mindset are more accurate in their self-assessments
They believe that abilities can be developed and have an open attitude towards their current ability levels; they accurately assess their own levels and then learn effectively to improve their abilities.
what you will see
You can change your mindset!
Chapter 2 Analysis of Thinking Patterns
The meaning of success: the result of learning or the proof of intelligence
Children with fixed mindset
Hope to ensure their own success and believe that smart people should always be successful
Believe that the key to success is learning, and will seize learning opportunities
Children with a growth mindset
Success means expanding your capabilities and becoming smarter and smarter
Don’t want to expose your own shortcomings and refuse opportunities to learn
Difference in selection criteria
people with fixed mindset
Choose a partner who supports your sense of self
Put them on a pedestal, make them feel perfect, worship them
People with a growth mindset
Choose a partner who can help you grow
See their shortcomings and help them correct them, push them to become better, encourage them to learn new things
expansion of capabilities
People with a growth mindset don’t just seek challenges, they grow from them
The greater the challenge, the greater their room for growth
Sometimes, people with a growth mindset will achieve things that would otherwise be impossible by greatly improving their abilities.
People with a growth mindset know that it takes time for potential to blossom.
self-restriction
fixed mindset person
Feeling happy when things are under their control
If things become challenging, and they don't feel that they are smart or talented, they lose interest.
So if a course is too difficult and doesn't prove how smart they are, they can't get interested in it.
Is it perfect or is it continuous improvement?
For some people with a fixed mindset, success is not enough. It must be close to perfection, and it must be perfect from the beginning.
Don’t accept perfection in the future, be perfect now
For those with a growth mindset, being smart is not about immediate perfection, but about long-term learning: facing challenges head-on and making progress.
Prove that you are special
When people with a fixed mindset choose success over growth, they want to prove that they are special or even superior to others.
If you succeed, you are better than others; you can insult them and make them grovel to you. In a fixed mindset, this can easily be mistaken for self-esteem
Mindset changes the meaning of failure
crucial moment
understanding of failure
people with fixed mindset
Defined by failure, failure transforms from an act (I failed) to an identity (I am a loser)
A person's failure may be a permanent trauma that will not go away.
People with a growth mindset
Failure is also a painful experience, but life will not be defined by it
Failure is just a problem that you need to face, solve and learn from
My success means your failure
When doing the same thing, A succeeds and others fail. For people with a fixed mindset, it means they have failed.
Laziness, cheating and blaming will not bring success
In a fixed mindset, setbacks can be extremely traumatic
How people with a fixed mindset cope with setbacks and failures
Giving up on trying, not learning from your failures and correcting your own failures, but repairing your own self-esteem
How to repair your self-esteem
Find someone worse than yourself to compare with.
to blame others or make excuses
Thought patterns and depression
People with a fixed mindset are more likely to be depressed
They think over and over about their problems and setbacks, believing that their setbacks prove their incompetence and worthlessness.
Labeling myself a failure, the more depressed I become, the more I will fall apart.
Many people with a growth mindset also feel very miserable
But the more depressed they are, the more they will adopt forms to fight the problem. The worse they feel, the more determined they will be.
Thought patterns change the meaning of effort
people with fixed mindset
Believes that only incompetent people need to work hard
Just like Michael Jordan was born with the ability to dribble, and Picasso was born with the ability to draw.
People with a growth mindset
Believes that even geniuses must work hard to achieve success
They appreciate talent, but they value hard work even more
Go the extra mile: high stakes
fixed mindset person
Effort is what people with flaws and deficiencies need to do
Afraid of failure despite hard work
The fact that you still fail despite your efforts will leave you with no excuses
For example, some people say that this thing is very simple and I just don’t bother to do it. If I do it, it will definitely be better than so-and-so.
Not enough effort: high risk
Looking back, do you say "I could have" or "I put in all the effort for the things I value most"
If you want something badly and you have a chance to get it, go for it
Chapter 3 The Truth About Ability and Achievement
Thinking Patterns and Achievements
Fixed mindset limits people’s achievements
It discourages effort and ruins learning strategies
Let others be our judges rather than our companions
Achieving important achievements requires: clear focus, dedicated effort, endless strategies, and learning partners.
Is artistic talent a talent?
Artistic talent can also be developed, but some people can do it with a little training
The Dangers of Praise and Affirmation Labels
Praise and affirmation labels: praising a person for being smart, outstanding, or talented
Wow, you got 90 points in the exam, that’s great, you’re so smart!
Success means being smart, not being successful means being defective (not smart)
Corresponds to: praising a person’s efforts
Wow, you got 90 points in the exam, you must have worked very hard!
Difficulty means "going the extra mile", not failure
The Dangers of Praise and Affirmation Labels
This is teaching them a fixed mindset
On the contrary, it makes the other party full of fear and doubt - because encountering difficulties is a challenge and doubt to one's "talent"
Turning imperfection into a shameful thing
Telling children they are smart only makes them feel stupid, doing stupid things but still claiming to be smart.
Negative tags and how they work
negative tag
prevent people from achieving
Make people lack a sense of belonging
For example, if you feel that you cannot fit into a certain group and give up on something,
Stereotype
It messes with people's minds and makes people secretly worry that their performance will validate the stereotype.
The Dangers of Labeling
When you are labeled as positive, you are afraid of losing it
When you are unfortunately labeled with a negative label, you fear that you are exactly what the label says
It’s too easy to believe what others say
Since they were young, they have heard others praise them, so they have learned to trust what others say about themselves.
Once someone gives a negative review, they will subconsciously believe that the negative review will have great attack power on them.
Chapter 4 Sports: The Champion’s Mindset
Talent and Genius
Many geniuses do not show obvious talent in the early stage, but it is the hard work that makes them become geniuses in a certain field.
Even geniuses need to master methods, keep working hard and practice, otherwise their talent will only be buried
disposition
This is the ability to dig out and find strength when things go against your expectations.
Character can help people reach the top and stay brilliant
Have a firm will and perseverance
Do not think that you are special or born to win, but work hard to stay focused and improve your abilities under pressure.
what is success
growth mindset person
Believe that success comes from doing things to the best of your ability, from learning and self-improvement
Even if they don't win, they will be proud of their efforts
For people with a fixed mindset, success is about establishing their superiority.
what is failure
People with a growth mindset believe that setbacks can give people motivation, setbacks can tell us a lot, and they are a wake-up call.
In a fixed mindset, setbacks label you
Take control of success
growth mindset person
Take control of your own journey to success and maintenance of success
Know what you want and know how to get what you want
fixed mindset person
You have no control over your abilities and motivation
Blame external factors and protect themselves by complaining and blaming others
Chapter 5 Business: Mindset and Leadership
Fixed Mindset Leader Behavior
They believe that people are divided into good and bad, and their thinking revolves around one thing: verifying self-worth.
They must constantly confirm that they belong to the level of excellence, and the company is the platform for them to demonstrate their excellence.
They only care about their "personal greatness" and want to be the only important person in the company. They will feel superior when comparing themselves to those around them.
Need to prove and demonstrate their superiority and talent, and will use their subordinates to prove this instead of promoting the development of their subordinates
Influence
Put yourself before the interests of the company
Ignore subordinates’ feelings and needs
The company’s most capable employees become victims because they pose a huge threat to their fixed-mindset bosses
Their employees eventually lost their drive
Their employees worry about how others view them: who is stupid and who is smart
Growth Mindset Leader Behavior
A growth mindset manager is a guide, not a judge
Don’t talk about privileges, focus on the process of leading the company’s struggle
A growth mindset manager is a guide, not a judge
Increase productivity through employee coaching, not intimidation
To cultivate a corporate culture focused on growth and teamwork
Believe in human potential and development potential
True self-confidence is "having the courage to open your heart to welcome new changes and ideas, no matter where they come from" (as opposed to blind arrogance)
Groupthink and group discussion
Groupthink means that people tend to think unanimously in the group decision-making process, and no one raises objections or adopts a critical attitude.
Groupthink occurs in
When people believe too much in a gifted leader or genius (everyone thinks he is great and he will definitely succeed in doing things)
When a group becomes obsessed with its own sense of superiority
When fixed-mindset leaders are keen to punish dissenters (perhaps people still hold critical opinions but won’t speak out)
In order to gain recognition from leaders, employees should stand on the same page as leaders
members of a group believe they have special gifts and powers
When the praised generation enters the workplace
Many of them cannot work effectively if their behavior is not praised
Give the right feedback
Don’t reward employees for a great idea or smart behavior
Reward employees because they take initiative, solve problems, strive to learn new skills, are not afraid of setbacks, and accept criticism.
You can even reward them for doing their job well without frequent rewards
Corporate thinking model
fixed mindset
Will determine whether employees "have talent"
We call it "Genius Culture"
growth mindset
Believe that employees can grow and improve through hard work and the right strategies and guidance
Employees have a stronger sense of trust in the company, have a higher level of employee empowerment, and are willing to assume more obligations
Employees feel a stronger sense of trust and responsibility
We call this “Development Culture”
Chapter 6 Interpersonal Relationships: Thinking Patterns about Getting Along
different gender relationships
failed relationship experience
fixed mindset
Feeling judged and labeled "unlovable" by others' rejection
Without the ability to heal wounds, they will lash out/hurt the person who abandoned them
The first goal is revenge
growth mindset
them to understand and forgive and move on with their lives
Get to know yourself better through a relationship, and gradually understand what kind of person suits you
Learn something useful for yourself and your relationship so that you can have a better life in the future
Thought patterns in love
fixed mindset person
View
Believe that the characteristics of oneself and one's partner are fixed, and that the characteristics of the relationship are also fixed
Everything is either good or bad, destined to be this way or not.
The ideal situation is immediate, perfect, and eternal harmony
"Live happily ever after"
Problems
1. Thinking that if you have to work hard for it, it means it is not destined to be yours
Wish everything could happen automatically
I think if this relationship is destined by God
No need to work hard at all to run it
They should naturally be able to understand and respect each other's needs
All problems should be solved naturally
Growth thinking believes that a healthy and long-term relationship between the sexes requires the efforts of both parties and that both parties need to adapt to their inevitable differences.
Believes that couples should be in tune with each other
Each other should know my thoughts, feelings and needs
Unify on all opinions
Thinks couples should share their opinions on everything
Growth mindset believes that both parties need to work hard to communicate correctly, discover and resolve the different expectations and ideas of both parties
2. Questions indicate a character flaw
fixed mindset person
When it comes to conflict, they choose to blame. Most of the time they choose to blame the other person as a character flaw.
Once you discover some shortcomings in your partner, you will look down on the other person and feel dissatisfied with the entire relationship.
Believe that personal characteristics are fixed and cannot be changed: choosing a partner is equivalent to choosing a problem, because there is no perfect partner
growth mindset person
Everything can be nurtured, including you, your partner, and your relationship—all can grow and change
Enmity partners
Encounter problems
Either blame yourself for your unchangeable personality or blame your partner
And the option of imposing responsibility on others is even more tempting
Only in this way can I feel more correct, more powerful, and feel that the fault is not mine.
People with a fixed mindset find it difficult to forgive others
Because they felt rejected and the breakup labeled them negatively
Because once they forgive their partner and their partner is the righteous party, they will have to bear more faults
Competition VS mutual achievement
Fixed mindset: Always trying to prove one’s abilities, so it’s easy to get into a competitive relationship with your partner
Who is smarter, more talented, more lovable
There are many ways we can support our partners and show an interest in their lives rather than competing
Growth Mindset: Helping each other do what they want to do and helping each other become who they want to be
friendship
Friends should give each other the wisdom and courage to make decisions that promote growth and affirm each other's strengths.
fixed mindset
More agree with stereotypes, for example, female drivers have poor skills
They may be great, charming, and funny, but after interacting with them, you feel devalued.
They create this sense of his superiority and your inferiority in order to promote themselves.
They may outright make you look bad, or they may act nonchalantly towards you.
It is often difficult for us to realize that our friends may harbor ill intentions toward us.
They base their self-esteem on their own superiority
Your failures and misfortunes don't threaten other people's self-esteem; it's your wealth and success that matter to them.
They make you pay one-sidedly all the time, and they even punish you for it
shy
Shy people worry that others will put them down
Controlled by their own fears and fear of being judged by others, they avoid contact with others
People with a fixed mindset are more likely to be shy
Care about other people's evaluations, easily doubt yourself and feel anxious
Worry that you will make mistakes in social interactions
Shy people with a growth mindset
Treat social situations as a challenge and proactively welcome opportunities to meet new people, even if you feel anxious
Chapter 7 Parents, Teachers, and Coaches: The Spread of Mindsets
thinking pattern
Every word people say and every action they take sends a message
What parents say will tell their children "how to see themselves"
Dialogue example
Child: "Who painted such an ugly painting?"
His mother immediately corrected him and said: "This painting is so beautiful, but you say it is ugly. This is not good."
The teacher said: "You don't need to draw beautiful paintings, as long as you like, you can draw ugly paintings."
Message about success: When children do well
Praising children for their intelligence and talents will make them more committed to showing off their intelligence and talents.
Children like to be praised. Praise can really cheer them up and bring them a special sense of joy.
But this is short-lived. Once they encounter difficult problems, their self-confidence and enthusiasm will disappear.
Teach them to love challenges, learn from their mistakes, enjoy the process of hard work, and keep learning
Praise children for their efforts towards growth
Praise them for their achievements through their own practice, learning, perseverance and effective learning strategies
Example sentences
"This homework is difficult and time-consuming. I really appreciate your ability to complete it with such concentration."
"This painting uses a lot of brilliant colors. Tell me what you used."
If a child tries hard but does not succeed
"I appreciate the effort you put into this, but let's dig a little deeper together and figure out what exactly you're missing."
"Everyone learns differently. We should continue to experiment and find what works for you."
Avoid using fixed thinking to evaluate other people’s children, such as “Whose child is such a naughty bag?”
Avoid saying "Wow, you did that fast" or "Baby, that was perfect" (conveying that you value their speed and perfection)
Correct demonstration: "Wow, I guess this question was too easy for you, and I'm sorry for wasting your time. Let's do some questions that you can actually learn from!"
Messages about failure: When children do poorly
Children need honest and constructive feedback
Wrong approach
Don’t tell your children you are the best against their will
Don't blame others and external factors - for example, this teacher is too unqualified
Don't teach him not to belittle the matter itself - for example, reassure him that the game is not important.
Don't tell him he's great and will definitely win next time - ability doesn't automatically make you successful
Correct approach
Tell your child the truth, teach him how to learn from failure, and tell him that he needs to put in all his efforts for future success.
Example
Elizabeth, I know how you feel. You had such high hopes for the game and gave your best performance, but you still couldn't win. You must be disappointed.
But you have to know that you are not giving 100% effort. There are a lot of girls who have been doing gymnastics longer than you and working harder than you.
If this is something you really want, then you have to work hard for it.
If you just want to do gymnastics for fun, that's no problem. But if you want to achieve something in the game, you have to pay more.
constructive criticism
Help your child make up for something, create a better situation, or do a job better
Compared
"This is your homework? Can't you do it seriously for once? You are either stupid or irresponsible. Which one are you?"
"Son, it really makes me angry that you don't do your homework seriously. When will you do your homework seriously?"
Sometimes children label themselves
example
Philip: Oh my god, I'm so clumsy.
Father: We shouldn’t say things like this when we scatter nails
Philip: So what should be said?
Father: You should say, the nails are scattered - I have to pick them up!
Children interpret information
Don't judge, teach.
Children with fixed mindset
Their parents always judge them and feel that their personal abilities are being measured all the time.
They will believe that their mistakes should be evaluated and punished
Children with a growth mindset
Think parents are just encouraging them to study and develop good study habits
They think their mistakes are a good opportunity for their parents to give them advice and teach them principles.
Children also pass on information
Children pass on the information they receive
For example, if a parent scolds a child for crying, the child learns that the child who cries should be judged and punished.
Does punishment count as education?
When judging and punishing children
What children learn is that if they don’t follow their parents’ rules and values, they will be judged and punished
Parents fail to teach their children how to think about problems so that they can make more mature decisions on their own
Be a good teacher/parent
Misunderstanding
Believes that by lowering standards, students can experience success, increase their self-confidence, and improve their achievement
Lowering standards will only produce undereducated students who can only do simple tasks and think too highly of themselves.
Conversely, raising standards without teaching them how to meet them will set up less motivated students to fail.
Both geniuses and underachievers can succeed
Creates a trusting, judgment-free learning atmosphere
"I will teach you" rather than "let me judge your ability"
Set high standards, provide challenges and provide training
Students who are unmotivated
If you blindly judge students, they will break the rules and prevent teachers from helping them.
Let students understand that school exists for their own good—a place to help them expand their thinking
Be careful with victory/success
Winning can push you into a fixed mindset: "I can win because I have talent. Therefore, I can definitely keep winning."
False growth mindset
Misunderstandings about growth mindset
Call some of the things they like about them a “growth mindset.”
Believes that a growth mindset is all about hard work, especially praising others for their efforts
Not just the effort itself, but also the process of understanding it: working hard, trying new strategies, listening to ideas
Praising non-existent efforts (or other parts of the effort)
Praise the effort, but also tie it to the outcome
A growth mindset is the equivalent of telling children they can do anything
It’s important to help them acquire the skills and resources to work hard to reach their goals
Instead of the empty reassurance “You can do anything!”
How to teach a growth mindset to others
to be reflected through behavior
When he succeeds: Praise his method (tell him that such hard work can help him learn knowledge)
When he fails: (thinks failure is a good opportunity to learn), values in-depth understanding of knowledge
Chapter 8 Changing your mindset
Change
fixed mindset
There are very simple actions that could make things better, but they won't do them
Fixed mindset: When things don’t go well, they feel powerless
Process the information you receive: Make an intense evaluation of each message
If it's a good thing, they put a positive label on it
On the contrary, bad things will bring strong negative labels
growth mindset
They are equally sensitive to positive and negative information
Focus more on what this information can bring about in terms of learning and constructive behavior: What can I learn from this? What can I do to improve? What can I do to make my partner do better?
Is change easy or difficult?
Change is not difficult: learning a growth mindset can inspire people to face challenges and persevere
Change is difficult: Fixed thinking patterns conform to people’s psychological needs, allow people to gain self-esteem, and gain the love and respect of others.
take the first step
Facing failure
fixed mindset
First find the reason, usually external factors
He stopped when he found his self-esteem again.
growth mindset
I will also look for the reasons, and then analyze what can be learned from them. Now I start learning and self-improvement.
actionable plan
Wrong approach
People plan to do something difficult every day, but they often don’t actually follow through on it. They think "I'll do it tomorrow"
Yes, even strong oaths are often of no use at all. Tomorrow and tomorrow!
effective practices
Develop a specific, growth-oriented plan and stick to it
People who refuse to change
Awareness of privilege: I deserve it all
It is the world that needs to change, not yourself
Feeling entitled to something better—a better job, home, or spouse
Denial of reality: My life is perfect
People with a fixed mindset tend to avoid problems
If something goes wrong in life, it means there is something wrong with them and they might as well pretend everything is fine
Change children’s thinking patterns
Create an environment with a growth mindset
conversation
For example
"What did you learn today?
“Have you ever made a mistake, and what did you learn from your mistake?”
"Have you tried anything hard today?"
Parents and children actively discuss their own and others' efforts, strategies, frustrations, and learnings
guide
When a child talks about doing better than other children
"Yeah, but what did you learn?"
When a child talks about how simple things taught in school are for him
"Gee, that's not good. You didn't learn anything. Can you find something harder to do so you learn more?"
when he brags about being a champion
"The one who works the hardest is the champion. You can become a champion. Tomorrow, you come and tell us what you did to be a good champion."
When writing homework, I complain that the topic is too simple and boring
You have to guide him to find ways to make the homework more interesting and challenging.
When efforts are directed in the wrong direction
Sometimes for kids, the problem isn’t too little effort, but too much, and in the wrong places.
To help the child reorient himself, let the child start to enjoy what he does (don’t just focus on test scores)
Thought patterns and willpower
Simpler things like losing weight, quitting smoking, and controlling emotions
fixed mindset
If you are strong and have enough willpower, you will succeed
Just like students with a fixed mindset, they will just study hard without asking for a deeper understanding and hope for good results.
After failing in a test: you will always fall into deep self-blame and consider yourself incompetent, cowardly or even have a bad personality.
growth mindset
Set goals, plan and execute
Think positively about how to stay motivated in the long term
Once you achieve some results, consider what habits you need to develop to continue your success.
When encountering setbacks, know that it is inevitable. Think about it: What can I learn from the setback, and what should I do next time something like this happens again?
continuous change
Once things get better, people tend to stop doing the behaviors that made things better
For example, if you lose weight and achieve your goal of losing 20 pounds, you will stop exercising.
Change does not last automatically. Problems are not solved once and for all. We need to work hard to sustain change.
The journey to a growth mindset
Step 1: Accept
Openly accept that you have a fixed mindset and don’t be ashamed of it
Step 2: Observe
Identify what triggers your fixed mindset
For example, when facing huge challenges, when you are in trouble, when you face failure, when you meet better people
Step 3: Naming
Give a name to your fixed mindset personality
Step 4: Education
Use a growth mindset to educate your fixed mindset personality
Let him accept challenges, never give up, bounce back after setbacks, and help and support others to grow