granulocytic leukocytes

agranulocytosis

blue-purple platelet granules

Surrounding light blue

Contains microfilaments and microtubules, involved in the maintenance and deformation of platelet morphology

open duct system

dense vascular system

Oxyhemoglobin

carbamic acid hemoglobin

A

B

AB

Still has the function of synthesizing hemoglobin

In the 3rd week of human embryo, extraembryonic cells densely form in the yolk sac, body pedicle and chorion.

Induced by vascular endothelial growth factor VEGF secreted by surrounding mesoderm

The cells in the middle become round, separate from the surrounding cells, and differentiate into primitive hematoblasts (the earliest hematopoietic stem cells).

Hematopoietic stem cell pluripotency

composition

Primitive erythroblasts disappear in the erythroid system and are replaced by stereotyped erythroblasts

In 3 months, lymphatic stem cells enter the thymus, proliferate and differentiate to form thymocytes, and cultivate T cells.

At 4 months, mature T cells and mature B cells enter the lymph nodes and grow and develop into more cells.

The ability of the thymus and lymph nodes to produce lymphocytes lasts a lifetime

red blood cells

Granulocytes

monocytes

subtopic

Macrophages-platelets

The nerves in hematopoietic tissue are mainly unmyelinated nerve fibers, and their terminals terminate in the middle of arterial smooth muscle fibers, sinusoidal endothelium and hematopoietic cells.

core ingredients

Red blood cells at different stages of development are often located near blood sinusoids, forming islands of immature red blood cells centered on macrophages.

Immature granulocytes mostly stay away from the blood sinusoids, and macrophages or fibroblasts can also form cell islands. When the late myelocytes have the ability to move, they approach and pass through the blood sinusoids through deformation movement.

Megakaryocytes are close to the sinusoidal endothelial space, extend their cytoplasmic protrusions into the sinusoidal cavity, and break away to form platelets that directly enter the sinusoidal cavity.

composition

The bone marrow in fetuses and infants is red bone marrow.

In adults, it is mainly distributed in flat bones, irregular bones and cancellous bones at the epiphysis of long bones.

Adipose tissue

Around the age of five, fat cells begin to appear in the marrow cavity of long bones, gradually changing from red marrow to yellow marrow.

Yellow bone marrow still has a small amount of hematopoietic stem cells

Distributed in very small amounts in peripheral blood, fetal umbilical cord blood, spleen, liver and lymph nodes

Each spleen colony is a clone, called a spleen colony-forming unit CFU-S, which represents a hematopoietic stem cell.

Chronic myelogenous leukemia patients have PhI aberrant chromosomes in the erythrocyte, granulocyte, and macrophage lines

Mixed cell colonies appear when bone marrow cells are cultured in vitro

Strong proliferation potential

Multidirectional differentiation ability

Ability to self-renew or replicate

Heterogeneity

EPO

colony stimulating factor CSF

Myeloid multilineage hematopoietic progenitor cells

lymphoid hematopoietic stem cells

Red blood cells disappear immediately

Granulocytes gradually change from round to rod-shaped, and finally form a lobulated shape.

Macrophage nuclei change from small to large and appear lobed.

However, monocytes and lymphocytes remain basophilic

Special structures or protein components in the cytoplasm gradually increase from scratch (special particles of granulocyte island, hemoglobin of red blood cells)

promyelocytes

Coarse granular

meet occasionally

>1/2

Stronger

Ink blue

have

Start to appear

promyelocytes

Coarse mesh

light blue

A lot

A small amount