For patients with heart failure, atrial fibrillation or significant heart enlargement: digitalis drug treatment, the drug should be stopped on the day of surgery; atrial fibrillation is accompanied by a fast ventricular rate, digitalis can be administered until the morning of the surgery; long-term use of B-receptor blockade For patients with angina pectoris and arrhythmia, medication should generally be continued until the day of surgery; for essential hypertension: the blood pressure during elective surgery should be at least lowered to below 180/110mmHg. Do not lower the blood pressure of patients with chronic hypertension too quickly; long-term use of antihypertensive drugs Patients: Generally, the medication should be continued until the day of surgery.

Control respiratory infections for 1 week Stop smoking for at least 2 weeks

Acute cerebral infarction: surgery should be postponed for 4 to 6 weeks Parkinson's disease: Pulmonary function test; blood gas analysis; guiding patients to exercise; respiratory function; anti-Parkinson's disease drugs should be used until before surgery, and anti-dopa drugs should be avoided.

Hyperthyroidism: Preoperative preparation generally includes antithyroid drugs and iodine treatment; indicators of adequate preparation before anesthesia: basal metabolic rate <±20%; pulse rate <90 beats/min, reduced pulse pressure; patient's mood is stable and sleeping Good, weight gain, etc. Primary aldosteronism and hypercortisolism: attention should be paid to correcting water, electrolyte and acid-base balance disorders before anesthesia, with special attention to potassium supplementation Pheochromocytoma: Hypertension should be controlled as much as possible before surgery. While using α-blockers to dilate blood vessels, fluid therapy should be actively carried out to expand blood volume. Diabetes: elective surgery is required to control fasting blood sugar below 8.3mmol, preferably within the range of 6.1~7.2mmol/L, with the highest not exceeding 11.1mmol/L; urine sugar is lower than (/1): urinary ketone bodies (1) Short-acting hypoglycemic drugs or those using regular insulin: discontinue use on the morning of surgery Stop taking long-acting hypoglycemic drugs 2 to 3 days before surgery and switch to regular insulin.