M: measure

S: system

A: Analysis

Acceptance baseline for comparison

Criteria used to determine acceptance

A known numerical value that, within stated uncertainty limits, is accepted as a true value

Reference value

resolution

Effective resolution: The minimum input value at which the output signal is useful to measure

Reference value

truth value

Accuracy accuracy: "close" to the true value or acceptable base value

Bias: The difference between the observed mean of a measurement and the baseline value

Stability: change in bias over time

Linearity: Bias change across normal operating range

Precision precision: "how close" repeated readings are to each other

Repeatability: The same evaluator uses the same instrument to measure the same characteristics of the same part multiple times and the measurement values ​​obtained deteriorate.

Reproducibility Reproduciability: The variation in the average value when different appraisers use the same instrument to measure the same part and the same characteristic.

Measurement system capability: short-term assessment of measurement system variation (e.g. “GRR” includes graphics)

Measurement system performance: long-term assessment of measurement system variation (long-term control chart method)

Sensitivity: The smallest input produces a detectable output signal

Uniformity: Variability throughout the normal operating range Repeatability: Variability in short-term acquisition readings

Consistency: The degree to which repeatability changes over time

Capability: Acquisition of variability in readings over short periods of time

Performance: Variability of acquired readings over time; based on total variation

Uncertainty: The range of numerical estimates regarding a measured value within which the true value is believed to be included

S standard

Work

I instrument

P person/program

E environment

deviation

Repeatability

Reproducibility

Kappa

Take a sample to establish a baseline value

Determine sample size and measurement frequency and measure regularly

Plot the data in time sequence on the X-ber & R or X-bar & S control chart

Establish standard control charts to control well limits and analyze and evaluate out-of-control or unstable conditions

independent sample method

control chart method

Drawing method

Draw best fit line and confidence band

Range method

mean range method

ANOVA

Instruments (and standards) have sufficient resolution

The measurement system has an effective resolution

Measurement system variation is attributable only to common causes rather than special causes

Type I error, producer risk or false alarm Good parts judged as "bad"

U-shaped error, consumer risk or missed alerts Bad parts judged as "good"

Correct decision choice

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