Insulin therapy should not be started until serum potassium rises to 3.5

If the urine output per hour is more than 40ml and the blood potassium is less than 5.2, intravenous potassium supplementation can be used

≤3.9: Oral glucose or intravenous injection

3.9 or above: more than 1 hour before next meal, starch or protein food

≤3, 50% glucose 60ml intravenous injection

Same as above.

Formulate total calories (per kg of ideal weight. Ideal weight = height cm-105)

Composition and distribution of food (selected, simplified)

Exercise time: 1 hour after a meal (optimal), starting from the first bite, at least 150 minutes a week, 30-40 minutes each time

Amount of exercise: heart rate = 170 - age.

Sulfonamides

Biguanides - taken with or after meals, starting with small doses - reduce gastrointestinal adverse effects

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor - acarbose - chew with the first bite of starchy food

Injection: intravenous injection, subcutaneous injection

Storage: unopened - refrigerate at 2-8°C. In use - It can be used for 28-30 days at room temperature. Avoid violent shaking.

First draw quick-acting, then draw medium-long-acting, mix and inject

Injection point: large rotation site, small rotation distance more than 1cm

Monitor blood sugar: 2-4 times a day

Prevent infection: Strictly sterile, disposable needles.

adverse reactions to insulin

① Understand the medication and do not change the medication and dosage at will

②Increase activity level, reduce insulin dosage and add meals in time

③ Hypotension is easy to occur in the early morning or in the middle of the night. For dinner, increase the amount of staple food or food with high protein content.

④Eat a meal promptly after injecting rapid-acting or short-acting insulin. Those who are seriously ill should eat first before taking the injection.

⑤ When taking antidiabetic drugs for the first time, start with a small dose and gradually adjust the drug dose according to the blood sugar level.