MindMap Gallery Developmental Psychology Chapter 3 Mind Map
This is a mind map about developmental psychology, including adolescence and its physiological development, contradictions and conflicts in psychological development, cognitive development and learning, etc.
Edited at 2023-11-08 20:11:13El cáncer de pulmón es un tumor maligno que se origina en la mucosa bronquial o las glándulas de los pulmones. Es uno de los tumores malignos con mayor morbilidad y mortalidad y mayor amenaza para la salud y la vida humana.
La diabetes es una enfermedad crónica con hiperglucemia como signo principal. Es causada principalmente por una disminución en la secreción de insulina causada por una disfunción de las células de los islotes pancreáticos, o porque el cuerpo es insensible a la acción de la insulina (es decir, resistencia a la insulina), o ambas cosas. la glucosa en la sangre es ineficaz para ser utilizada y almacenada.
El sistema digestivo es uno de los nueve sistemas principales del cuerpo humano y es el principal responsable de la ingesta, digestión, absorción y excreción de los alimentos. Consta de dos partes principales: el tracto digestivo y las glándulas digestivas.
El cáncer de pulmón es un tumor maligno que se origina en la mucosa bronquial o las glándulas de los pulmones. Es uno de los tumores malignos con mayor morbilidad y mortalidad y mayor amenaza para la salud y la vida humana.
La diabetes es una enfermedad crónica con hiperglucemia como signo principal. Es causada principalmente por una disminución en la secreción de insulina causada por una disfunción de las células de los islotes pancreáticos, o porque el cuerpo es insensible a la acción de la insulina (es decir, resistencia a la insulina), o ambas cosas. la glucosa en la sangre es ineficaz para ser utilizada y almacenada.
El sistema digestivo es uno de los nueve sistemas principales del cuerpo humano y es el principal responsable de la ingesta, digestión, absorción y excreción de los alimentos. Consta de dos partes principales: el tracto digestivo y las glándulas digestivas.
Chapter 3: Psychological Development in Adolescence (Part 1)
Puberty and its physiological development
what is adolescence
There is a transitional period from childhood to adulthood, which specifically refers to the period when a person undergoes major physical and mental changes starting from secondary sexual characteristics during the growth process.
Early stage (sudden growth in physical and morphological development)
Girls: 10-12 years old; Boys: 11-13 years old
Middle stage (mainly development of secondary sexual characteristics)
Girls: 13-16 years old; Boys: 14-17 years old
Late stage (developmental maturity stage)
Girls: 17-19 years old; Boys: 18-20 years old
Psychological changes in growing up
physiological development
body shape
Changes in height, weight, shoulder width, etc.
body organ function
Cardiac compressor can enhance lung development, increase muscle strength, and change changes in brain and nervous system development.
sexual development
Appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, increase in sex hormones, development of sexual organs, and development of sexual functions
Psychological reactions caused by physiological changes during adolescence
body image in adolescence
It is a person's perception of the aesthetic or sexual attractiveness of one's own body. It places more emphasis on how individuals see themselves than on the standards set by society.
Psychological fluctuations caused by physiological reactions during adolescence
Girls’ psychological adaptation to menarche
The psychological impact of nocturnal emissions in boys
anorexia nervosa
The influence of early and late puberty
Boys: physical/psychological/interpersonal, early maturation - pros and cons, late maturation - more cons than good
Girls: physical/psychological/interpersonal, early puberty - more harm than good, late puberty - more pros and cons
Contradictions and conflicts in psychological development
Basic characteristics of adolescent psychological development
Unbalanced adolescence
Mental development lags behind physical development
Adolescence in turmoil
Quick thinking but easy to be extreme, mood swings, lack of willpower, impulsive behavior, restlessness in adolescence
Adolescence gradually becoming independent
"Psychological weaning period", separation from parents and desire for independence
The beginning of closed adolescence
Desire to have a separate space and have one's own secrets, prone to loneliness, but hopefully to be understood
The main contradictions in adolescent psychological development
The contradiction between independence and dependence
Self-discipline and impulsivity accompanies
The contradiction between closedness and openness
bravery and cowardice
Pride and inferiority
Denial of childhood and attachment to childhood
Typical psychological phenomena of adolescence
adolescent rebellious psychology
Definition: Refers to a psychological state in which people adopt opposite attitudes, words and deeds to the other party's requirements in order to maintain their self-esteem.
Performance
Don’t like others controlling your thoughts and actions
Believes that most rules and regulations are unreasonable and should be abolished
If parents tell him the same thing over and over again, he will get bored
Give high praise to those students who contradict the teacher
They think there are loopholes in what adults say, and their criticism often arouses their disgust and anger
Once you decide to do something, you will never change your mind no matter how others try to dissuade you.
Strong opinion
cause
personal reason
Family Factors
"I hope my son will become a dragon, I hope my daughter will become a phoenix"
Lack of respect for children
school factors
simple education method
Low degree of democratization in the educational process
The evaluation of students is still "score first"
negative impact on society
egocentricity in adolescence
Concept: Inability to clearly distinguish between the focus of others and the focus of one's own attention
Performance
Imaginary audience: I feel that I am in the center of the "life stage", and everyone around me is its audience. Every move I make is seen and constantly discussed by the "audience"
Unique Self: Believing that only you can experience “unique” emotions
Cognitive development and learning
Adolescent brain development
Characteristics of brain development: relatively strong excitability, large plasticity, easy to accept new things; lack of endurance, easy emotional instability, and easy to be excited
General characteristics of cognitive development in adolescence
thinking
Empirical abstract logical thinking is dominant, and theoretical abstract logic begins to develop; with a higher degree of ability to construct hypotheses and empirical hypotheses.
Observation
The purposefulness is enhanced, the consciousness, generality, persistence and anti-interference ability are improved [the turning point of observation ability in the second grade of junior high school]
attention
Able to complete learning tasks independently and attentively; intentionally regulate and control attention; effectively use attention allocation
memory
Improve intentionality; control the memory process and check the memory effect according to the purpose; pay attention to the use of memory methods
imagination
It is easy to arouse imagination; the content is relatively consistent with the display; it is logical; the consciousness of imagination grows rapidly; the critical period for development is between the second and third grade of junior high school.
Adolescent Learning and Counseling
Developmental themes for first grade junior high school
Admission adaptability issues
interpersonal problems
Handle the teacher-student relationship well (the first question after admission)
Developmental themes for junior and second grade students
Problems of academic partiality and differentiation
To guide students to learn to vent negative emotions
Developmental themes for the third grade of junior high school
Study pressure and study frustration
High school entrance examination guidance and pre-examination psychological adjustment