MindMap Gallery Chapter 47 Hypothyroidism
Internal Medicine Chapter 6: Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases Hypothyroidism: Primary hypothyroidism can be diagnosed if there are symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism, elevated serum TSH, and reduced TT4 and FT4; serum TSH is reduced or normal, TT4, and FT4 If it decreases, central hypothyroidism should be considered.
Edited at 2023-10-29 23:39:26This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
hypothyroidism
Classification
According to the location of the disease
primary hypothyroidism
central hypothyroidism
thyroid hormone resistance syndrome
According to the cause
Depending on the degree of hypothyroidism
Clinical hypothyroidism and subclinical hypothyroidism
Cause
autoimmune damage
Thyroid tissue is destroyed
excess iodine
Antithyroid drug use
clinical manifestations
Decreased metabolic rate and sympathetic nervous system excitability
Medical history
Symptoms of hypothyroidism
general performance
Easily fatigued, sensitive to cold, weight gain, drowsiness, depression, etc. Physical examination revealed apathetic expression, pale complexion, dry and cool skin, edema, hoarseness, and sparse hair.
Muscle and joint performance
Fatigue, myotonia, cramps and cold pain that are aggravated by cold, muscle atrophy or hypertrophy
cardiovascular manifestations
Bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, small pulse compression, and coronary heart disease are easy to occur when accompanied by hypertension, but angina is less likely to occur. Pericardial effusion and heart failure can occur. ECG shows low voltage
Psychological nervous system
Slow speech and reaction, memory loss, mental retardation, drowsiness, or mental symptoms of paranoia, depression, anxiety, and in severe cases, myxedema-type epilepsy.
digestive system
Anorexia, abdominal distension, and constipation are common, and in severe cases, paralytic intestinal obstruction may occur.
Endocrine System
Loss of sexual desire, impotence in male patients, and menorrhagia or amenorrhea in female patients
myxedema coma
It is more common in the elderly and has a high mortality rate. Clinical manifestations include lethargy, hypothermia, bradypnea, bradycardia, decreased blood pressure, limb muscle relaxation, and reflex weakening or disappearance. Involvement of the heart can cause pericardial effusion or heart failure. In severe cases, it may even lead to coma, shock, renal failure, and life-threatening conditions.
Auxiliary inspection
Thyroid function test
Examination related to etiology diagnosis
diagnosis
Primary hypothyroidism can be diagnosed if there are symptoms and signs of hypothyroidism, an increase in serum TSH, and a decrease in TT4 and FT4.
Serum TSH is reduced or normal, TT4 and FT4 are reduced, central hypothyroidism should be considered
Differential diagnosis
Pituitary tumor
Thyroid cancer
Edema identification
treat
General treatment
Thyroid hormone supplementation or replacement therapy for clinical hypothyroidism
Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism
Treatment of massive edema coma
Remove or treat triggers
Thyroid hormone supplementation
Keep warm, supply oxygen, maintain respiratory tract normally
Glucocorticoids
Maintain water and sodium balance