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EdrawMindChapter 2 Procurement Demand Analysis Section 2
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Chapter 2 Procurement Demand Analysis Section 2
Chapter 2 Purchasing Demand Analysis The mind map in Section 2 covers the determination of sales plans, material consumption quotas, material demand planning, collection and organization of purchase requisitions, and the formation of demand reports.
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Chapter 2 Procurement Demand Analysis Section 2
- bacteria
This is a mind map about bacteria, and its main contents include: overview, morphology, types, structure, reproduction, distribution, application, and expansion. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Plant asexual reproduction
This is a mind map about plant asexual reproduction, and its main contents include: concept, spore reproduction, vegetative reproduction, tissue culture, and buds. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
- Reproductive development of animals
This is a mind map about the reproductive development of animals, and its main contents include: insects, frogs, birds, sexual reproduction, and asexual reproduction. The summary is comprehensive and meticulous, suitable as review materials.
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Chapter 2 Procurement Demand Analysis
Section 2 Determination of purchasing needs
1. Determination of sales plan
Sales plan refers to the company's plan based on historical sales records and existing sales orders. Comprehensive consideration of enterprise development and actual market conditions is formulated for departments and Personnel sales metrics (volume or amount) for any time frame, The enterprise uses this as a guide to guide the corresponding production operation plan, Arrangement and implementation of procurement plans, funding plans and other plans.
The basic principle:
结合本公司的生产情况
结合市场的需求情况
结合市场的竞争情况
结合上次销售计划的实现情况
结合已有销售订单的情况
结合竞争对手的销售情况
1. Length of time: monthly sales plan, quarterly sales plan, annual sales plan
2. Scope size: overall enterprise sales, branch (department) sales plan
2. Material consumption quota
The material consumption quota is based on certain production technology and organizational conditions. The standard amount consumed to produce a unit of product or complete a unit of work.
constitute
1. Product effective consumption: Product effective consumption refers to the consumption of raw materials that constitute the net weight of the product (or parts). This is the basic part of material consumption and belongs to the effective consumption of raw materials.
2. Process loss: Process loss refers to some inevitable material losses caused by changes in the original shape and performance of materials during the production process.
3. Non-process losses: Non-process losses refer to material losses other than product net weight and process losses, including non-process losses generated during the production process and non-process losses generated during the circulation process.
management methods
1. Technical analysis method: The technical analysis method is based on major technical documents such as technical drawings and process cards, and takes corresponding technical measures. Based on scientific analysis and technical calculations, the most economical and reasonable method of material consumption quota is determined.
2. Statistical analysis method: The statistical analysis method is based on the statistical data of material consumption in past production, after analysis and research and taking into account the plan A method of formulating quotas based on factors such as changes in production technology and organizational conditions during the period.
3. Experience estimation method: The experience estimation method is based on the actual production experience of technicians and workers, with reference to relevant technical documents and taking into account A method for enterprises to establish quotas based on factors such as changes in production conditions during the planning period.
3. Material requirements planning
Independent needs and related needs
The difference between independent demand and dependent demand is that the demand for each material in independent demand is unrelated to each other. Material requirements planning is based on dependent requirements.
Logical structure of material requirements planning
Material requirement planning (MRP) refers to based on the affiliation and quantity relationship of items at each level of the product structure, with each item as the planning object, the completion period as the time basis, and the release of each item based on the length of the lead time. The sequence of planning time is a material planning management model within industrial manufacturing enterprises.
mark
The first question refers to factory products designed to meet the needs of market customers, which is the aforementioned independent demand. pieces.
The second question refers to the product structure or certain resources necessary in the manufacturing process
The third question is answered by inventory information or material availability
Basic calculation steps for material requirements planning
I. Calculate gross requirements for materials
II. Calculate net demand
III. Batch calculation
IV. safety stock
V. Release planned order
VI. Calculate again
4. Collection and sorting of purchase requisitions
Format and content of purchase requisition
(1) Product specifications or service quality description. (2) The quantity of products or quantitative standards of services. (3) Time and place of demand
(1)Purchase requisition document type. Describe what type of requisition it is, such as a requisition for office supplies. (2) Source of purchase requisition. For example, is it from MRP or other. (3) Purchase requisition number and document time. (4) Approval status. (5) Other suggestions and instructions.
Source of requisition
1. Standard purchase requisition
2. System-driven purchase requisition
3. Requisition based on bill of materials
Principles for processing purchase requisitions
I. First come first served basis
II. The principle of scheduling according to the demand date
III. Urgent order priority principle
IV. Important order priority principle
V. Seasonal order priority principle
5. Formation of demand report
The enterprise's demand report is formed based on the analysis of the summary information of purchased products.
1. Statistical analysis
I. Summary statistics for purchase requisitions
II. Calculate daily sales reports for each unit
2. ABC classification: The ABC classification is a derivative application of Pareto's "80/20" rule. It is based on the technical or economic aspects of things An analysis method that classifies and queues the main characteristics of the surface, distinguishes the key points from the general ones, and thereby differentiates management. Depend on Because it divides the analyzed objects into three categories: A, B, and C, it is also called the ABC classification method.
I. (1) In order to determine the ABC classification, statistical analysis must be performed first, and an appropriate statistical period must be selected.
II. (2) Based on the unit price and sales volume, make an ABC analysis card for various materials and fill in the product name and sales number. Volume, sales amount
III. (3) Arrange the ABC analysis cards in descending order of sales, and fill in each material according to this sequence number. Material number.
IV. (4) Fill in all the ABC analysis cards in the ABC analysis table in sequence, and calculate the amount of each material as a percentage of the procurement The ratio of the total purchase amount and accumulated statistics.