Background research: Know their occupation, education level, cultural background, etc. in order to choose appropriate vocabulary and expressions. For example, you can use professional terms when communicating with professionals, while communicating with the general public needs to be easy to understand.

Needs analysis: Make it clear what the other party expects from this communication, whether it is knowledge, help, decision-making advice or emotional support, etc., so as to organize the content in a targeted manner.

Grasp preferences: Understand the other party’s preferred communication method. For example, some people prefer direct and concise communication, while others prefer detailed and in-depth communication. Some people are sensitive to data, while others pay more attention to emotional stories, etc.

Emotional state perception: Pay attention to the other party's current mood, whether it is happiness, anxiety, fatigue, anger, etc., adjust the communication rhythm and strategy according to the mood, and avoid forcing important but potentially conflicting topics when the other party is in a bad mood.

Time selection: Avoid complicated communication when the other party is busy, about to take a break, or under high pressure. Try to choose a time when both parties are relaxed and have enough time and energy to devote.

Determine the location: According to the nature of communication, choose a quiet, comfortable, and interference-free space. For example, choose a conference room for business negotiations, and choose a quiet cafe or office corner for private communication.

Atmosphere creation: Create a harmonious, open, and trusting atmosphere through appropriate layout, opening remarks, or body language. For example, smiles, friendly greetings, and relaxed sitting postures can help relieve tension and promote smooth communication.

Vocabulary accuracy: Avoid using words that are too uncommon, vague, or easily ambiguous to ensure that the other party can accurately understand what you mean. For example, replace "sometime in the next few days" with "the specific time point is next Wednesday at three o'clock in the afternoon".

Logical coherence: Organizing language in a certain order, such as time order, order of importance, or causal relationships, etc., to make expressions organized. For example, "First, we discovered the problem; second, analyzed the cause; and finally, proposed a solution."

Speech speed and intonation control: Speak at a moderate speed. If you speak too fast, the other party may not be able to keep up with the rhythm. If you speak too slowly, the other party may lose patience. At the same time, according to the content focus and emotional expression needs, reasonably adjust the tone to highlight key information, such as emphasizing important data or conclusions.

Affirmation and encouragement: Use more positive words and sentences to recognize the other person's efforts, achievements or opinions, such as "You did a great job", "This idea is very creative", etc., to enhance the other person's self-confidence and enthusiasm, and help establish good communication Atmosphere.

Negative expression conversion: Convert negative sentences into positive sentences to reduce the impact of direct criticism or rejection. For example, change "You are not doing this right" to "It might work better if you try another way, such as...".

Questioning methods: Open-ended questions such as "What do you think of this project?" can stimulate the other party to think deeply and express more opinions; closed-ended questions such as "Have you completed the task?" are used to quickly obtain clear information or confirm facts. The combination of the two can make communication more comprehensive and in-depth.

Timeliness and effectiveness of feedback: After the other party speaks, give timely feedback to show that you listened carefully and understood the content. Feedback can be as simple as nodding, smiling, repeating key information, or further summarizing the other person's point of view and asking whether it is accurate, such as "You are saying that the schedule is delayed due to insufficient resources, right?"

Eye contact: Maintain moderate and sincere eye contact, avoid frequent wandering or long staring, and let the other party feel your attention and respect. When the other person is speaking, look him or her in the eye intently and nod appropriately to show understanding.

Facial expression management: Show expressions that match the communication content and atmosphere, such as smiling to express friendliness and relaxation, frowning to express confusion and concern, etc. Rich facial expressions can enhance the appeal and emotional transmission of language.

Body posture and movement coordination: Maintain good posture and straighten your back when standing or sitting to show confidence and concentration. Use gestures appropriately to assist expression, but avoid being too exaggerated or frequent, such as using gestures to emphasize key points, indicate directions, or indicate quantities.

Moderate volume: Adjust the volume according to the communication environment and distance to ensure that the other party can clearly hear your voice. At the same time, avoid making the sound too loud and causing a sense of oppression or the sound that is too small to appear lack of confidence.

Smooth and natural tone: Maintain a smooth tone and avoid excessively high or low pitch fluctuations that may give the impression of being unprofessional or emotionally unstable. Pitch changes can be appropriately adjusted when expressing different emotions and emphasizing key points.

Adjust your tone according to the context of the content: Use a gentle, consultative tone to communicate and avoid a commanding or stiff tone. Use a gentle tone when expressing concern, a sincere tone when making suggestions, and a serious tone when discussing serious issues.

Maintain an appropriate personal space distance based on the closeness of the relationship with the other party and the communication situation. Generally speaking, distance is relatively close in intimate relationships, moderate in social situations, and slightly farther in business or formal situations. For example, you can keep a distance of about half a meter when talking with friends, about one meter when discussing work with colleagues, and the distance between the two parties during business negotiations may be one to two meters.

Extrovert: These people are expressive, enthusiastic and cheerful. When communicating with them, you can give them more opportunities to express themselves, respond positively and participate in discussions. The topics can be broad and flexible, the speaking speed can be slightly faster, and you can interact with them at their pace.

Introversion: Introverts are relatively reserved and think deeply. You need to be more patient when communicating and allow enough time to think and respond. The way you ask questions should be gentle and guiding. The topic selection should not be too broad or jumpy. You can start with areas that you are familiar with or interested in.

Strong type: Strong people have strong opinions and desire to control. During communication, first acknowledge their reasonable views, then put forward your own views tactfully, use facts and data to support your views, avoid direct conflicts, and guide the discussion in a rational and professional manner.

Gentle type: People with a gentle personality focus on harmonious relationships. When communicating, the tone should be cordial and friendly, listen more to their feelings and needs, and consider the other party's feelings when expressing opinions, discuss solutions together, and create a harmonious atmosphere.

Work report: focused, clear, and accurate. First describe the work results, then explain the process and methods, and finally propose problems and solutions or next steps. The language should be concise and clear, and respect the time of the leader or colleagues.

Business negotiations: Be fully prepared and understand the interests and bottom lines of both parties. Create a friendly atmosphere at the beginning, stand firm while seeking a win-win situation during the negotiation process, use appropriate negotiation skills such as concession strategies, exchange conditions, etc., and use rigorous, professional and persuasive language.

Daily chat: The topic is casual and casual, focusing on sharing interesting things in life, feelings and opinions, with the purpose of enhancing each other's feelings. The language is humorous, natural and smooth, and can be ridiculed appropriately but avoid offending.

Conflict handling: Stay calm, listen to the other party's demands and emotions first, and do not rush to refute. Express your understanding of the other party's feelings, then state the facts objectively, put forward suggestions for solving the problem, and resolve conflicts in a peaceful and rational manner.

Cognition of cultural differences: Understand the differences between different cultures in terms of values, language habits, communication methods, time concepts, etc. For example, Eastern culture focuses on collectivism, implicitness and euphemism, while Western culture emphasizes individualism, directness and frankness; some cultures have strong time concepts, Some are relatively loose.

Respectful and inclusive attitude: Respect communication methods and habits in different cultural backgrounds, and avoid judging others by your own cultural standards. Maintain an open and tolerant mind towards cultural differences and actively learn and adapt.

Flexible strategies: Adjust communication strategies according to the cultural characteristics of the other party, such as avoiding cultural taboo words in language expression, adapting to the other party's rhythm and method in communication style, and paying attention to the interpretation of meanings in different cultures in body language.

Eliminate distractions: When listening, turn off devices such as mobile phones and TVs that may distract your attention, focus on what the other person is saying, and focus all your attention on the other person's language, expressions and body movements, without being disturbed by external factors.

Let go of prejudices and presuppositions: Don’t judge or speculate on the other party’s views based on past experiences or stereotypes before they have finished speaking. Keep an open mind and fully receive the information conveyed by the other party.

Capturing key points: Train yourself to quickly extract the core content of the other party's speech, such as main points, important facts, key issues, etc. This can be achieved by focusing on keywords, repeated sentences or emphasized parts.

Logical relationship sorting: Analyze the internal logic of the other party's content, whether it is a causal relationship, a parallel relationship, a progressive relationship, etc., in order to better understand its overall thinking and intention, for example, "Because market demand changes, we need to adjust our product strategy, and Further increase investment in research and development."

Timely summary and confirmation: After the other party has finished a narration, briefly summarize the main content in your own words, and confirm with the other party whether you understood it accurately, such as "What you just said is that the project progress has been affected due to financial constraints and personnel changes. ” This not only ensures correct understanding, but also lets the other person feel that you are listening carefully.

Recognition of emotional feelings: keenly capture the emotions behind the other party's words, whether they are happy, frustrated, anxious or angry, etc. For example, you can understand the emotional state of the other party from the tone, expression and wording of the other party, "This project failed, I am really sad." "Lost", you need to be able to feel the emotion of loss.

Expression of understanding and recognition: Express your understanding and recognition of the other person's emotions and feelings, such as "I can understand your current loss. It is indeed a bit frustrating to encounter such a situation." Let the other party feel cared for and supported. This creates emotional resonance and promotes in-depth communication.