MindMap Gallery Insights into Human Nature Part 2 The Science of Personality
Adler's Notes on Insight into Human Nature. The book "Insight into Human Nature" is divided into two parts: "Human Behavior" and "Personality Science". It elaborates on the basic principles of individual psychology and discusses how to deal with the relationship between the individual and the world. How to apply these basic principles in daily relationships such as relationships between individuals and partners, and personal life patterns.
Edited at 2024-10-27 22:56:17호흡부전이란 외부 호흡 기능의 심각한 손상으로 인해 동맥의 산소분압(PaO2)이 정상 범위보다 낮거나 이산화탄소(PaCO2) 분압의 상승을 동반하는 병리학적 과정을 말한다.
준비부터 완료까지 프로젝트의 다양한 단계와 주요 작업을 자세히 설명하는 현장 건설 및 비즈니스 문서입니다. 이는 프로젝트 관리자가 프로젝트 진행 상황과 주요 링크를 더 잘 파악하여 프로젝트가 원활하게 진행될 수 있도록 도와줍니다.
지식 포인트를 정리 정리하고, 담배와 술을 멀리하기, 마약을 거부하기, 건강에 주의하기 등의 내용을 소개하여 지식 포인트를 익히고 기억력을 높일 수 있도록 도와줍니다. 도움이 필요한 학생은 저장할 수 있습니다.
호흡부전이란 외부 호흡 기능의 심각한 손상으로 인해 동맥의 산소분압(PaO2)이 정상 범위보다 낮거나 이산화탄소(PaCO2) 분압의 상승을 동반하는 병리학적 과정을 말한다.
준비부터 완료까지 프로젝트의 다양한 단계와 주요 작업을 자세히 설명하는 현장 건설 및 비즈니스 문서입니다. 이는 프로젝트 관리자가 프로젝트 진행 상황과 주요 링크를 더 잘 파악하여 프로젝트가 원활하게 진행될 수 있도록 도와줍니다.
지식 포인트를 정리 정리하고, 담배와 술을 멀리하기, 마약을 거부하기, 건강에 주의하기 등의 내용을 소개하여 지식 포인트를 익히고 기억력을 높일 수 있도록 도와줍니다. 도움이 필요한 학생은 저장할 수 있습니다.
Insight into human nature Part 2 The Science of Personality
Chapter 1 Overview
The Essence and Origin of Character
Personality refers to a unique style displayed by an individual in the process of trying to adapt to the outside world. It exists only in the effect of individuals and their situations on each other. As a spiritual phenomenon and attitude, character is the disposition and cultivation that an individual displays in relation to his or her own situation. As a behavioral pattern, character is also the basis for individuals to develop a sense of society and pursue a sense of superiority.
Taking advantage, pursuing power, and surpassing others are the ultimate goals of individuals
An individual's lifestyle and behavior patterns are displayed in the form of personality. Character is almost equivalent to life skills in personality. The overall personality will use personality as a tool and method.
Personality traits are established based on behavioral patterns. Part of the personality that is quickly established after birth is a secondary element that is induced by hidden goals within the personality rather than a primary element. Therefore, we must first clarify the goal of inducing a certain character trait before determining the character trait. Heredity has very little influence on mental character.
The role of social sense in personality
Social sense is another primary color that plays an important role in personality. Feelings of inferiority and the pursuit of power both play into the social sense.
An individual's sense of society is the basis for correctly judging his or her value, as well as the basis for correctly judging his or her thoughts and actions.
Only by understanding a person's growth history and living environment can we fairly judge his or her character. A deeper understanding of oneself and a certain degree of mastery of life skills will definitely help people establish a certain behavior pattern that is more consistent with their own needs.
character development direction
When children work hard for their goals at the beginning, the path they follow is straight. At this time, their character is progressive and courageous. The initial stage of growth is still maintained. After encountering obstacles during the growth period, the above-mentioned straight line is easily distorted and deviated. How closely does the degree of deviation relate to overall development?
character education
Parents are their children’s best teachers, and school education should also be the best way to train the mind and improve wisdom.
All educational methods are to allow students to develop themselves along the main development directions of contemporary social life and culture, and to teach students well-designed principles and attitudes.
The principle of caring for children: We must create opportunities for children to feel the joy of life, and do not allow them to experience the cruelty of life too much, or recognize the darkness of life too early.
Parents should minimize their desire to pursue power in education, control their children's growth patterns, and avoid long-term suppressive education and excessive control.
There are two types of personalities: one has not determined its own development direction, and its perspective on problems has not yet been completely finalized. It does not want to stick to one path to the end or actively explores other paths because it failed in the first attempt.
Personality classification
attitude towards difficulties
Optimism: Brave, confident, facing difficulties, free and easy. Speak without worry, but be polite and courteous, and handle things generously and appropriately.
Pessimism: inferiority complex, lack of courage and security, hope for external help, fear and worry (sleeping curled up or covering one's head)
other
Offensive type: Fierce and heroic. It is easy to be reckless, and worry will make you appear strong and cruel. Actual lack of security.
Defensive type: Worry, wariness, cowardice, easily lose courage. Love to escape, pessimistically wait and see, and choose to surrender in the face of difficulties. Later it will develop into suspicion, jealousy and greed.
past psychological systems
Mental manifestations are divided from an overall single perspective
Mainly social responsibility: mixed with a small amount of pursuit of personal power and prestige, but the overall situation is dominated by social sense
Mainly pursuing power: only willing to help others after gaining a great sense of superiority. It is personal interests and ambitions that govern the overall situation.
temperament and endocrine glands
Temperament: The agility with which an individual thinks, speaks, and behaves, or the strength or rhythm that an individual exhibits in the work process.
4 temperaments
Sanguine: happy and positive, not addicted to pain
Choleric: Aggressive, craving for power
Depressive temperament: pessimism, suspicion, timidity, low self-esteem
Phlegm: bystander of life, far away from life responsibilities
Pathological mucus: Humans are affected by endocrine secretions. Thyroid secretions may contain a substance that keeps mental activity normal.
In terms of words and deeds: Pathological problems lack planning and purpose in words and deeds; while personality and temperament types use this as a basic sign.
Overview
Our evaluation of a person must have certain changes or corrections due to our in-depth connection with him. To understand a person, we must understand his way of life and how he makes his life meaningful and vibrant.
There are two phenomena that exist in human beings: 1) the sense of society, which is establishing connections between different people; 2) the pursuit of one's own rights and the sense of superiority, which are in opposition to each other.
Chapter 2 Aggressive Personality Traits
Vanity and Ambition
Causes of vanity
If an individual's strongest desire is to gain recognition, the mind will be in a state of tension, and the goal of pursuing power and superiority will continue to be clear in the heart. Affected by this, it later developed into greed for vanity.
All people who are greedy for vanity regard surpassing people in the world as their desire and goal, but this goal cannot be achieved in their lifetime. And one's own fragility and incompetence are the source of vanity.
Extremely inflated vanity will become a burden for people. Ambition is precisely vanity. They seem to design a strange city with the help of fantasy, and then use the fantasy design in this city to look for the things they imagined. building
Manifestations of vanity and ambition
Unwilling to follow rules, difficult to establish friendly relationships, and often appear very naive, because vanity also has an element of naivety
He slanders or belittles others, has a strong negative complex, and is very violent. Loves playing tricks, fighting, aggressive, and jealous. Constantly chasing or controlling new things, ruthless and indifferent. Practical timidity and resistance to social feeling.
Vanity is sometimes hidden deep, sometimes it appears in other forms (humility), but to some extent it can also make people successful. Self-concealment of vanity: hypocrisy, good at flattery, good at capturing the soul
Disease complex: Dreams are one of the representatives of empathy, and the other representative is the disease complex. Control one's own illness to achieve a certain purpose, and control others to follow one's wishes.
Want to be God, pursue wealth, and even commit crimes
The Negative Effects of Vanity and Ambition
It can easily lead to individuals being disconnected from real life and hindering personal free development. The fate of a vain person depends on his vanity
methods of confrontation
In fact, everyone has vanity, more or less. We cannot eliminate vanity, but at least we can show it to the outside world and give it a development direction that can increase public interests.
Educated children tend to approach their surroundings with a challenging attitude. This is the most serious obstacle that education has to the normal development of the mind. To prevent children from being stimulated, children should be treated as educational subjects rather than objects.
Jealousy
Jealousy is a personality trait that is fueled by feelings of neglect or discrimination and can persist throughout life. It's the same type as ambition. Main manifestations: disappointing others, confronting others for no reason, restricting others' freedom, and making others surrender.
Children often feel jealous when younger siblings are born. It is more likely to occur if there are boys and girls in the family. There is fierce competition between siblings. It is the main cause of jealousy in the family.
envy
Jealousy manifests itself in any pursuit of power and control. Continuously thinking about the success of others will also cause people to have a psychology that makes it difficult to achieve happiness themselves - jealousy. Any organization or individual whose activities are too restricted will involuntarily produce jealousy.
The relationship between the individual and society cannot be separated, and this is reflected in the source of jealousy. Jealousy triggers more expressions and physical reactions.
If we cannot eradicate jealousy, we should try our best to guide it in a direction that creates value.
greedy
Greed is a sibling of jealousy and arises with jealousy. Greed is related to ambition, vanity, and envy. In order to protect their wealth from any mistakes, greedy people build a wall around them.
hate
Competitive people often have a unique character trait, which is hatred. Aversion can occur in infancy, but is relatively mild.
Sudden outbursts of hatred are more common in crime. Cynicism is a relatively hidden emotion of hatred, which is essentially an extreme hatred of human beings.
Criminal negligence is a well-disguised form of hate, often posing a threat to human life or property. The personal sense of society is insufficient, so the basic human responsibility of caring for others is completely ignored. In essence, it is one of the expressions of cynicism. In short, people who feel that personal affairs are more important than public interests will definitely hate and hate human society to some extent.
Chapter 3 Non-aggressive personality traits
Although it does not openly show hostility to human society, it makes people feel that it is full of hostility and very isolated.
Retreat from the world
It manifests itself in many ways, usually in the form of someone who is socially distanced, talks little, doesn't want to look others in the eye, doesn't love and can't listen attentively. Be cold in social relationships and refuse contact with others. In fact, I have a strong psychological insecurity.
Ambition and vanity sometimes hide in this cold isolation. In order to improve one's own personality, gain a sense of superiority, highlight one's differences, and reap the honors one imagines. The biggest purpose of aggressive people to highlight the contradictions between different classes and ethnic groups is also to enhance their own personality and sense of superiority.
anxiety
People who live in seclusion tend to have anxiety disorders. Under the influence of anxiety, people may not dare to face the external and inner world, and personality development is greatly hindered.
Manifestations: separation anxiety, unfounded worry, procrastination, avoiding responsibilities and obligations, hoping for the next life, panic disorder, timidity
To overcome anxiety, you must establish a connection between yourself and the destiny of all mankind, and you must understand that you are a part of all mankind.
cowardice
Performance: Unconfident, unable to work efficiently, cautious, very nervous about own safety, avoiding taking responsibility, hesitant and procrastinating. Roundabout mentality (comparing life problems with him, deliberately creating obstacles, showing hesitation and procrastination when trying to escape, and taking action unwillingly)
Causes and ways to avoid it: Individuals are eager to avoid their own responsibilities. Have a deeper understanding of the nature of human nature, and have a clear understanding of the potential terrorist elements that cause various misfortunes.
Uncivilized behavior and poor social etiquette
The true intention of uncultured people is to keep a distance from other people and to distinguish themselves from them. They have no intention of following the rules of the game of human society.
Cause: Partly a certain aversion to human interaction. Children generally do it to attract the attention of adults. Personally, I think: lack of relevant knowledge and education, and accepting wrong learning role models are also some of the reasons for involuntary incivility and poor social etiquette.
Chapter 4 Other Character Expressions
Happiness: We judge how much social sense a person has based on the happiness he brings to others. Happy people make people love and be close to them
Ways of thinking and expression: Some people’s way of thinking and expression gives people a feeling of hypocrisy. These were the only platitudes that came to his mind, which were evidence of an undeveloped mind.
Childish: Not good at listening, loves to interrupt and show off, insecure, and unable to adapt to unfamiliar environments. In a strange environment, one will behave indifferently, solemnly, and keep a distance from others; the other will be an omniscient and omnipotent character who is confident, knowledgeable, and well-rounded.
Being pedantic and adhering to principles: No matter what you deal with, you should base it on principles that you think are universally applicable. There is a lack of actual sense of security and they avoid matters outside the rules. Such people lack innovation and broad interests, and have old-fashioned ideas. Suitable for jobs that don't require much innovation.
Meekness: No one is completely and unconditionally submissive; docile women will one day become too dependent and unable to create social value. Meekness conditions women. These people are unable to adapt to innovative work and are always apologizing, sentimental, and feeling that they are unlucky.
Autocratic: This type of person is always thinking: What do I need to do to surpass others and look down on others? He has all the posture, attitude and desires that a leader possesses. Next to the abyss, there is a bright side and a dark side. They are constantly under extreme pressure to prove that they are better than everyone else.
Mood and personality: Not genetic. Find various reasons to express dissatisfaction with life, and this attitude will affect your personality and emotions. It's often easier to keep peace with happy people
Misfortune: Those who ignore the undoubted truths and laws of social life will be punished for this, and they are attributed to misfortune. There is a kind of vain person who thinks that misfortune can attract the attention of others.
Religious fanatics: Some people who easily misunderstand life or other people will become religious believers and continue what they did before in the name of religion.
Chapter 5 Feelings and Emotions
Insight into human nature Part 2 The Science of Personality
Chapter 2 Aggressive Personality Traits
Vanity and Ambition
Causes of vanity
If an individual's strongest desire is to gain recognition, the mind will be in a state of tension, and the goal of pursuing power and superiority will continue to be clear in the heart. Affected by this, it later developed into greed for vanity.
All people who are greedy for vanity regard surpassing people in the world as their desire and goal, but this goal cannot be achieved in their lifetime. And one's own fragility and incompetence are the source of vanity.
Extremely inflated vanity will become a burden for people. Ambition is precisely vanity. They seem to design a strange city with the help of fantasy, and then use the fantasy design in this city to look for the things they imagined. building
Manifestations of vanity and ambition
Unwilling to follow rules, difficult to establish friendly relationships, and often appear very naive, because vanity also has an element of naivety
He slanders or belittles others, has a strong negative complex, and is very violent. Loves playing tricks, fighting, aggressive, and jealous. Constantly chasing or controlling new things, ruthless and indifferent. Practical timidity and resistance to social feeling.
Vanity is sometimes hidden deep, sometimes it appears in other forms (humility), but to some extent it can also make people successful. Self-concealment of vanity: hypocrisy, good at flattery, good at capturing the soul
Disease complex: Dreams are one of the representatives of empathy, and the other representative is the disease complex. Control one's own illness to achieve a certain purpose, and control others to follow one's wishes.
Want to be God, pursue wealth, and even commit crimes
The Negative Effects of Vanity and Ambition
It can easily lead to individuals being disconnected from real life and hindering personal free development. The fate of a vain person depends on his vanity
methods of confrontation
In fact, everyone has vanity, more or less. We cannot eliminate vanity, but at least we can show it to the outside world and give it a development direction that can increase public interests.
Educated children tend to approach their surroundings with a challenging attitude. This is the most serious obstacle that education has to the normal development of the mind. To prevent children from being stimulated, children should be treated as educational subjects rather than objects.
Jealousy
Jealousy is a personality trait that is fueled by feelings of neglect or discrimination and can persist throughout life. It's the same type as ambition. Main manifestations: disappointing others, confronting others for no reason, restricting others' freedom, and making others surrender.
Children often feel jealous when younger siblings are born. It is more likely to occur if there are boys and girls in the family. There is fierce competition between siblings. It is the main cause of jealousy in the family.
envy
Jealousy manifests itself in any pursuit of power and control. Continuously thinking about the success of others will also cause people to have a psychology that makes it difficult to achieve happiness themselves - jealousy. Any organization or individual whose activities are too restricted will involuntarily produce jealousy.
The relationship between the individual and society cannot be separated, and this is reflected in the source of jealousy. Jealousy triggers more expressions and physical reactions.
If we cannot eradicate jealousy, we should try our best to guide it in a direction that creates value.
greedy
Greed is a sibling of jealousy and arises with jealousy. Greed is related to ambition, vanity, and envy. In order to protect their wealth from any mistakes, greedy people build a wall around them.
hate
Competitive people often have a unique character trait, which is hatred. Aversion can occur in infancy, but is relatively mild.
Sudden outbursts of hatred are more common in crime. Cynicism is a relatively hidden emotion of hatred, which is essentially an extreme hatred of human beings.
Criminal negligence is a well-disguised form of hate, often posing a threat to human life or property. The personal sense of society is insufficient, so the basic human responsibility of caring for others is completely ignored. In essence, it is one of the expressions of cynicism. In short, people who feel that personal affairs are more important than public interests will definitely hate and hate human society to some extent.
Chapter 3 Non-aggressive personality traits
Although it does not openly show hostility to human society, it makes people feel that it is full of hostility and very isolated.
Retreat from the world
It manifests itself in many ways, usually in the form of someone who is socially distanced, talks little, doesn't want to look others in the eye, doesn't love and can't listen attentively. Be cold in social relationships and refuse contact with others. In fact, I have a strong psychological insecurity.
Ambition and vanity sometimes hide in this cold isolation. In order to improve one's own personality, gain a sense of superiority, highlight one's differences, and reap the honors one imagines. The biggest purpose of aggressive people to highlight the contradictions between different classes and ethnic groups is also to enhance their own personality and sense of superiority.
anxiety
People who live in seclusion tend to have anxiety disorders. Under the influence of anxiety, people may not dare to face the external and inner world, and personality development is greatly hindered.
Manifestations: separation anxiety, unfounded worry, procrastination, avoiding responsibilities and obligations, hoping for the next life, panic disorder, timidity
To overcome anxiety, you must establish a connection between yourself and the destiny of all mankind, and you must understand that you are a part of all mankind.
cowardice
Performance: Unconfident, unable to work efficiently, cautious, very nervous about own safety, avoiding taking responsibility, hesitant and procrastinating. Roundabout mentality (comparing life problems with him, deliberately creating obstacles, showing hesitation and procrastination when trying to escape, and taking action unwillingly)
Causes and ways to avoid it: Individuals are eager to avoid their own responsibilities. Have a deeper understanding of the nature of human nature, and have a clear understanding of the potential terrorist elements that cause various misfortunes.
Uncivilized behavior and poor social etiquette
The true intention of uncultured people is to keep a distance from other people and to distinguish themselves from them. They have no intention of following the rules of the game of human society.
Cause: Partly a certain aversion to human interaction. Children generally do it to attract the attention of adults. Personally, I think: lack of relevant knowledge and education, and accepting wrong learning role models are also some of the reasons for involuntary incivility and poor social etiquette.
Chapter 4 Other Character Expressions
hapiness
We judge how social a person is based on the help and happiness he brings to others. Happy people make people love and be close to them
way of thinking and expression
The way some people express their thoughts gives people a feeling of hypocrisy. These were the only platitudes that came to his mind, which were evidence of an undeveloped mind.
childish
Not good at listening, prone to interjection and expressiveness, insecure, and unable to adapt to unfamiliar environments.
In a strange environment, one will behave indifferently, solemnly, and keep a distance from others; the other will be an omniscient and omnipotent character who is confident, knowledgeable, and well-rounded.
Being pedantic and sticking to principles
No matter what you deal with, base it on principles that you think are universally applicable.
There is a lack of actual sense of security and they avoid matters outside the rules. Such people lack innovation and broad interests, and have old-fashioned ideas. Suitable for jobs that don't require much innovation.
docile
No one is completely and unconditionally submissive; docile women will one day become too dependent and unable to create social value. Meekness conditions women.
These people are unable to adapt to innovative work and are always apologizing, sentimental, and feeling that they are unlucky.
arbitrary
This type of person is always thinking: What do I need to do to surpass others and look down on others? He has all the posture, attitude and desires that a leader possesses.
Next to the abyss, there is a bright side and a dark side. They are constantly under extreme pressure to prove that they are better than everyone else.
mood and personality
It's not genetic. Find various reasons to express dissatisfaction with life, and this attitude will affect your personality and emotions. It's often easier to keep peace with happy people
Unlucky
Those who ignore the undoubted truths and laws of social life will suffer their retribution, and they will be reduced to misfortune. There is a kind of vain person who thinks that misfortune can attract the attention of others.
religious fanatic
Some people who easily misunderstand life or other people will become religious believers and continue what they did before in the name of religion.
Chapter 5 Feelings and Emotions
Overview
Feelings and emotions are stronger and more intense as a kind of mind. When people cannot find real goals or lose confidence in achieving them, they will show feelings and emotions
With the help of stronger psychological activities such as feelings and emotions, it is absolutely possible for individuals to achieve their own goals.
Feelings and emotions are universal characteristics that people share. In a certain special situation, everyone will show the corresponding special emotion, that is, "emotional ability." The body is also affected by immovable spiritual phenomena such as feelings and emotions, causing specific physiological phenomena.
dissociative emotions
anger
Fully demonstrate the strong desire for power and control
Intense reactions that occur frequently, have inertia, goals, and no reason are negative. It can be associated with anxious, angry, and mean people who approach life with a hostile attitude. In fact, he has low self-esteem and longs for superiority.
Alcohol can easily catalyze anger; children are also more likely to be angry; anger can also harm themselves
sad
In order to improve your situation and make up for your unhappiness and vulnerability. Excessive grief is a gesture of social resistance
Performance: the process of using offense as defense and using small things to make a big difference; an individual's willingness to maintain his or her own status and avoid feelings of powerlessness and inferiority.
Overflowing with emotions
Overdependence on relationships is a habit that can develop to pathological proportions. Overflowing emotions can also trigger some physiological reactions and hurt the social feelings of others.
disgust
The dissociative nature of disgust is more subtle. This emotion is the opposite of resistance or liking, triggering various expressions and representing contempt for the environment and avoidance of problems.
panic and apprehension
This creates situations in relationships where things go completely the other way, with some people letting others take on all the responsibility and stress. People in this mood try their best to show weakness, revealing the detached characteristics of this kind of emotion that pursues superiority.
It is similar to imitation, and its expression also has a tendency to resist, but it is subtle and non-aggressive. They may not have enough experience to be independent.
joint emotion
hapiness
It can be vividly described as extending a friendly hand to a partner and bringing warmth to others. It is extremely easy to build relationships between people and is the best way to overcome difficulties.
pity
The most social expression of emotion. But abusing sympathy is hypocritical and hypocritical
humble
Both union and separation. The external manifestations suggest that it is equivalent to cowering, an isolated posture accompanied by mild depression, similar to preparing to flee a dangerous situation.