Uterus

vaginal

vulva

pelvic floor tissue

Sucking is the key to maintaining continuous lactation, and emptying the breasts is also an important condition for maintaining lactation.

Colostrum is the milk secreted within 7 days after delivery, the milk secreted between 7-14 days after delivery is transitional milk, and the milk secreted after 14 days is mature milk. milk

Fibrinogen, thrombin, and prothrombin dropped to normal levels 2-4 weeks after delivery, and circulating blood volume dropped to normal levels 2-3 weeks postpartum.

Recovery gradually occurs 1 to 2 weeks after delivery. prone to constipation

Urine output increases within 1 week after delivery (the kidneys excrete a large amount of fluid retained in the body during pregnancy), and the physiological dilation of the renal pelvis and ureters that occurred during pregnancy resumes 2-8 weeks after delivery.

For women who are not breastfeeding, menstruation usually resumes at 6 to 10 weeks after delivery, and ovulation resumes around 10 weeks after delivery. For women who are breastfeeding, menstruation is delayed, and ovulation resumes at 4 to 6 months after delivery on average. Breastfeeding mothers may become pregnant even though they have not seen menstrual cramps

The abdominal wall tension recovers about 6-8 weeks after delivery, and the purple-red stretch marks on the abdomen of first-time mothers turn to silvery white.

On the 3rd to 4th day after delivery, breast blood vessels and lymphatic vessels are extremely engorged, and the breasts are enlarged, accompanied by an increase in body temperature, which is called lactation fever.

Postpartum pulse is generally slightly slower, between 60 and 70 beats per minute; breathing is deep and slow, usually 14 to 16 times per minute; blood pressure does not change much.

After the placenta is delivered, the uterus is round and hard, and descends into the pelvic cavity on the 10th day after delivery.

Paroxysmal severe pain in the lower abdomen caused by uterine contractions in the early puerperium is called postpartum uterine pain, which often appears 1-2 days after delivery and lasts for 2-3 days and resolves on its own.

Bloody lochia: within 3 to 4 days after delivery, red, with a large number of red blood cells, necrotic decidua and a small amount of fetal membranes.

Serous lochia: Appears 3 to 4 days after delivery, lasts for 10 days, is light red, contains more necrotic and exudative tissue, uterine cavity exudate, Cervical mucus, small amounts of red blood cells, white blood cells, and bacteria.

White lochia: Appears about 14 days after delivery, white, with a large number of white blood cells, necrotic decidua tissue, epidermal cells and bacteria.

①Serious complications, such as postpartum hemorrhage, eclampsia, postpartum heart failure, etc., are very easy to occur within 2 hours after delivery. They should be closely observed in the delivery room and detected in time during this period. Exceptions and handling are very important ② Closely observe blood pressure and pulse ③Closely observe the amount of vaginal bleeding: collect with curved disk ④ Observe the uterine contraction closely, pay attention to the height of the uterine fundus and whether the bladder is full. ⑤Assisting mothers to breastfeed for the first time

Uterine involution: Measure the uterine fundal height (the distance from the upper edge of the pubic symphysis to the uterine fundus) After urination, massage the uterus to cause it to contract

Lochia: amount, color, odor Large amount, red color, long duration: Incomplete uterine involution, give uterotonic agent Putrid smell and tenderness in the uterus: give antibiotics if there is a co-infection

Perineal and perineal wound irrigation: scrub the vulva with 0.05% povidone-iodine solution, 2-3 times a day

Observation of perineal wounds: lateral incision in healthy side lying position

Abnormal wound management

Breast engorgement: Breastfeed as soon as possible, apply moist heat, massage breasts, wear a bra, and take medicine

Insufficient milk: build confidence, guide breastfeeding methods, breastfeed on demand, adjust diet, Chinese medicine, acupuncture

Breastfeeding withdrawal: stop breastfeeding, do not empty the breasts, eat less soup; (bromocriptine, estrogen - not recommended at present), raw malt, acupuncture, Glauber's salt, vitamin B6

Cracked nipples: Squeeze a small amount of milk to smear the nipples and areola. In severe cases, stop breastfeeding.