Drug Distribution

Drug distribution refers to the process by which illegal substances are manufactured, transported, and sold, often leading to addiction, crime, and societal harm. Drug distribution is a complex and multifaceted issue that impacts individuals, communities, and societies at large. This mind map aims to explore the various aspects of drug distribution. y engaging with this mind map, we can develop a deeper awareness of the complexities surrounding drug distribution and contribute to the development of effective solutions to combat this issue.

Edited at 2023-02-16 01:33:24

Ibrahim Saad ALSAFYAH AL-qahtani

Drug Distribution

Ibrahim Saad ALSAFYAH AL-qahtani

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Drug Distribution

According to blood supply body organs classification

High perfused organs.

High perfused organs are organs with high blood flow

Heart, liver, Kidney and Brain and other well perfused organs

High perfused organs receive most of the drug during the first few minutes after absorption.

Low perfused organs

Low perfused organs are organs with have lower blood flow

e.g. Muscles, skin and fat

Delivery of the drug to these larger fraction of body mass is slower and is also limited by blood flow to these organs.

Drug Distribution

what is drung distribution

After a drug enters the general circulation, it is carried with the blood stream and is distributed to various body tissues.

phases

First Phase

liver, kidney, brain, and other well-perfused organs receive most of the drug

The second Phase

involves a far larger fraction of body mass (e.g., muscle)

accounts for most of the extravascular distribution

require minutes to several hours before the concentration of drug in tissue is in equilibrium with that in blood.

Factors affecting drug distribution

affect the rate of delivery and amount of drug distributed into tissues

Physicochemical properties of the drug,

Capacity of the regions to interact with the drug.

Cardiac output,

Regional blood flow.

Capillary permeability,

Tissue volume.

Diffusion to CNS, the BBB, and CSF

brain capillary endothelial cells have continuous tight junctions

drug penetration into the brain depends on transcellular transport

pericapillary glial cells constitute the BBB.

the more lipophilic a drug, the more likely it is to cross the BBB.

meningeal and encephalic inflammation increase local permeability.

Bone as drug Reservoir

Tetracycline antibiotics and heavy metals may accumulate in bone by adsorption

Bone can become a reservoir for the slow release of toxic agents such as lead or radium

effect persist long after exposure

reduced blood flow due to distruction of local orgins

greater the exposure to the toxic agent, the slower is its rate of elimination

Fat as a Reservoir

Many lipid-soluble drugs are stored by physical solution in the neutral fat.

fat may serve as a reservoir for lipid-soluble drugs.

Example of drugs stored in fats

Some anti anxiety medications, like clorazepate, and

Certain antibiotics such as rifampicin.