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Pre-Qin Literature
Pre-Qin literature is the earliest stage of development of ancient Chinese literature. It summarizes the Book of Songs, Songs of Chu, Historical essays, essays by various scholars, etc.
Edited at 2024-02-08 12:39:02- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
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- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
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Pre-Qin Literature
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- One Hundred Years of Solitude Character Relationship Chart
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
- Project Management Process Template
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
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Pre-Qin Literature
Book of Songs
"Poetry" and "Three Hundred Poems" were called "The Book of Songs" in the Western Han Dynasty
Confucius said: "Three hundred poems can be summed up in one sentence, and the thoughts are innocent."
Records from the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period
origin
Collection of poems
Poetry
Confucius' theory of deleting poems (proposed by Sima Qian)
Content (musical nature) 305 articles in total
Wind (local folk song)
Fifteen National Styles, 160 articles
Ya (noble court music)
105 articles
Daya 31 articles
Xiaoya 74 articles
Song (ancestral temple ritual music)
40 articles
Zhou Song
Song of Shang
Lu Song
expression techniques
endow
Straight talk
Compare
Other things refer to this thing, that is, metaphors
prosper
Talk about other things first, touch the scene and stir up emotions
The Six Meanings of "The Book of Songs": Fengya Ode, Fu Bixing
status
China's first poetry collection
China's first collection of realistic poetry (source)
"Book of Songs" and "Chu Ci" are both called "Feng Sao"
One of the Five Classics
Artistic features: Mainly composed of four words, with some miscellaneous words; repeated chapters and repeated sentences, one song and three sighs
There are four families: Qi, Lu, Han and Mao
Currently there is only "Preface to Mao's Poems"
Famous sentences
1. Guan Guan Jujiu, in the River State. A graceful lady, a gentleman likes to be jealous. "The Book of Songs·Zhou Nan·Guan Ju" 2. The peach blossoms shine brightly. "The Book of Songs·Zhou Nan·Taoyao" 3. The agreement between life and death is broad, and it is said with Zi Cheng. Hold your son's hand and grow old together. "The Book of Songs·Beifeng·Drumming" 4. It’s like cutting and discussing, like polishing. "The Book of Songs·Weifeng·Qiao" 5. When I come to complain about my daughter, I have no time to spend time with scholars. It is still possible to explain the delay of a scholar; it is indescribable to explain the delay of a woman. "The Book of Songs·Wei Feng·Meng" 6. Qi means shore, and Xi means pan. "The Book of Songs·Wei Feng·Meng" 7. Before the mulberry leaves fall, their leaves are like silk. ("The Book of Songs·Wei Feng·Meng") 8. Be true to your word and never think about the opposite. "The Book of Songs·Wei Feng·Meng" 9. Give me peaches and give me Qiongyao in return. "The Book of Songs·Weifeng·Papaya" 10. Those who know me say that I am worried; those who do not know me say that I want nothing. "The Book of Songs·Wang Feng·Mu Li" 11. Not seeing you for one day is like three autumns! "The Book of Songs·Wang Feng·Plucking Ge"
12. Seeing a gentleman, Yunhu is not happy. "The Book of Songs·Zheng Feng·Wind and Rain" 13. Qingqing Zijin, my heart is leisurely. "The Book of Songs·Zheng Feng·Zijin" 14. The jianjia is green and the white dew is like frost. The so-called beauty is on the water side. "The Book of Songs·Qin Feng·Jian Jia" 15. How can I say that I have no clothes? I share the same robe with you. "The Book of Songs·Qin Feng·Wu Yi" 16. The fire flows in the seventh month, and the clothes are given in the ninth month...call him a cup of tea, and live forever! "The Book of Songs·Binfeng·July" 17. The deer roars, and the apples in the wild are eaten. I have guests, harp blowing Sheng. "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Lu Ming" 18. I am gone in the past, and the willows are still there. Now I come to think about it, it’s raining and snowing. "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Caiwei" 19. The crane cries in Jiugao, and the sound is heard in the sky. Stones from other hills, can learn. "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Crane" 20. Being cautious is like facing an abyss or walking on thin ice. "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Xiaomin" 21. The high mountains stand still and the scenery stops. "The Book of Songs·Xiaoya·Chejia"
Songs of Chu
"Chu Ci" in a broad sense
Local lyrics of Chu State
Works that use the literary styles and dialect rhymes of the Chu region to describe the mountains, rivers, people, and historical customs of the Chu region, and have strong local characteristics.
Representative: Qu Yuan
status
first romantic poet
the first patriotic poet
the first named poet
Create a vanilla beauty body
vanilla
"Xing" symbol
Using flowers and plants to symbolize personality
beauty
"Bi" metaphor
Inner beauty, not outer beauty
Mingping, whose courtesy name is Yuan, is the founder and developer of "Chu Ci" and is known as the "ancestor of Chu Ci".
Representative works: 25 articles
"Tianwen"
"Li Sao"
"Li Sao" is the longest lyric poem in ancient China. Together with "Guo Feng" in "The Book of Songs", it is called "Feng Sao"
"Nine Songs" 11 chapters
Among them, "National Sorrow" is an elegy about chasing down the fallen soldiers of Chu State.
"Nine Chapters" 9 articles
"The Fisherman"
"Divination"
"spiritualism"
To summon the soul of King Huai of Chu
"Chu Ci" in a narrow sense
Editor: Liu Xiang
status
The second collection of poems
China's first collection of romantic poetry
Artistic features
Mainly six-character and seven-character sentences, with uneven sentence patterns ranging from three to seven-character and eight-character sentences; The word "xi" is widely used;
"Chu Ci" and "The Book of Songs" created a tradition in which realism and romanticism go hand in hand in ancient poetry.
representative figure
Qu Yuan
Song Yu
representative work
"Nine Debates"
"Feng Fu"
"Gaotang Fu"
"The Erotic Poem of a Dengtuzi"
allusion
Lower Riba people
Spring and snow
Highbrow
Dictate
1. Only the scattered vegetation is a fear of the beauty’s twilight. "Li Sao" 2. I have a good heart, and even though I died nine times, I still have no regrets. "Li Sao" 3. The road is long and far away, I will search up and down. "Li Sao" 4. The whole world is turbid and I am alone in my purity; everyone is drunk and I am alone in my sobriety. "The Fisherman" 5. The water in Canglang is so clear that I can hold my tassel on it. The water in Canglang is turbid, and I can wash my feet. "The Fisherman" 6. I took a long breath to cover my tears, mourning the hardships of the people's lives. "Li Sao"
historical essays
"Spring and Autumn"
status
The earliest extant chronicle history book in China
One of the "Five Classics"
Author: Confucius, named Qiu, styled Zhongni, a native of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period
Artistic features
"Spring and Autumn Brushwork" "Small Words and Great Meanings"
The pen is the pen, the sharpening is the sharpening
The notes are brief and contain implicit praise and criticism.
"Three Turns of Spring and Autumn"
"The Biography of the Zuo Family in the Spring and Autumn Period"
Author: Zuo Qiuming, a historian of the State of Lu in the late Spring and Autumn Period, known as the "Historical Sage of Wen Zong"
Status: my country's first complete chronological history book, which can be called the best narrative in pre-Qin Dynasty
Artistic characteristics: clear clues, appropriate details, good at describing wars and portraying characters
"The Biography of Gu Liang in the Spring and Autumn Period"
Author: Gu Liangchi
"Spring and Autumn Gongyang Biography"
Author: Gong Yanggao
style
chronology
time-centered
"Summer, May, Zheng Bo Duan Yu Yan"
biographical
Character-centered
"Historical Records": China's first biographical general history - The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang
chronicle
event-centric
"Tongjian Jishi Benmo": China's first chronicle style history book - three schools divided into Jin Dynasty
country body
country-centered
"Guoyu": China's first national style history book - Lu language/Qi language/Chu language
chronological body
Centered on period/dynasty
"Hanshu": China's first chronological history book
"Mandarin"
"Guoyu" is also known as "Chunqiu Waizhuan" or "Zuo's Waiden"
Author: Zuo Qiuming
Status: my country’s first national style history book
Artistic characteristics: Emphasis on memorizing words
"Shao Gong Admonishes King Li to Eliminate Slander" and "Cao GUI Asks the War" are selected from "Guoyu"
"Warring"
Editor: Liu Xiang
Chapter: "Warring States Policy" is divided into twelve national policies and thirty-three chapters
Style (style): country-style essays, historical essays
Artistic Features: Make good use of fables and metaphors to illustrate principles
"Zou Ji Satirizes the King of Qi for Accepting Remonstrance", "Feng Yuanke Meng Changjun", "Tang Sui Fulfills His Mission" and "Jing Ke Assassinates the King of Qin" are selected from "Warring States Policy"
Famous fables: The thorn in the hanging beam/Addence to the snake/Make up for the situation/Going in the opposite direction/The fox fakes the tiger's power/The frightened bird/The cunning rabbit has three caves
Prose by various scholars
The Analects of Confucius
Confucius, named Qiu and styled Zhongni, was a native of Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period. He was the founder of Confucianism and the first person to run a private school. He was known as the "Sage" and "The Most Holy Teacher"
Life story
I am determined to learn
Educational ideas
Education without distinction
Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude
Core of thought: benevolence and righteousness
Standing at thirty
Create a private school
Forty but not confused
run a private school
Practice the Six Classics
"The Book of Songs", "Shangshu", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes", "Spring and Autumn" and "The Book of Music"
Knowing destiny at fifty
Qilu Jiagu League
鳳三都
Traveling around the world for 14 years
Sixty and smooth ears
Qi State attacks Lu State, Ran You joins the battle
Lu Guosheng
End of traveling around the world
At seventy, follow your heart's desires without exceeding the rules
Continuing Education
Compilation of "Spring and Autumn"
Representative works
"The Analects"
Editor: Confucius’s disciples and re-disciples
Content: Recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples
Status: one of the four books
Zhu Xi's "Great Learning", "The Doctrine of the Mean", "The Analects" and "Mencius" of the Southern Song Dynasty
"Mencius" Mencius
status
Yasheng, together with Confucius, is called "Confucius and Mencius"
one of the four books
Thought
Core idea: people-oriented thinking
other thoughts
benevolent government
theory of good nature
Artistic Features of "Mencius"
If you want to catch me, you will lure me into your trap.
Lead the other party into your own preset conclusion
Famous articles and quotations
"What I Do to a Country" (Laughing at Fifty Steps and a Hundred Steps) "Born in sorrow and dies in peace and happiness"
Taoist
Taoist core ideas
Do nothing
Go with nature
Respect the objective laws of the development of things
Lao Tzu
His surname is Li, his given name is Boyang. A great philosopher and thinker in ancient China and the founder of the Taoist school, he is revered as the Taoist Patriarch in Taoism and was named Taishang Laojun by Empress Wu of the Tang Dynasty.
Author of "Tao Te Ching", also known as "Laozi"
The core of the idea is simple dialectics, advocating "quietness and inaction", "complying with the way of heaven" and "the way follows nature"
Zhuangzi
His surname was Zhuang and his given name was Zhou. He was a representative of the Taoist school in the middle of the Warring States Period. He was the inheritor and developer of Laozi's thoughts. Later generations would call him "Laozi and Zhuangzi" together with Laozi.
"Zhuangzi", also known as "Nanhua Sutra", is divided into three parts: "Inner Chapter", "Outer Chapter" and "Miscellaneous Chapter", with a total of thirty-three chapters.
His representative work is "Zhuangzi", among which famous articles include "Xiaoyaoyou", "Equality of Things", "Health Preservation Master", etc.
Together with "Book of Changes" and "Laozi", it is also known as the "Three Mysteries"
Features of the article "Zhuangzi": Wang Yang's wantonness and strange conception
His literary imagination is rich and unique, his language is used freely, and he is flexible and changeable. He is known as "the philosophy of literature and the literature of philosophy."
Characteristics of Romanticism in Zhuangzi's Prose: Fables
Guess the meaning of the baby, lick the hemorrhoids to get the car, and the rut is like a carp
Zhuangzi advocates "the unity of nature and man" and "quietness and inaction". He advocates conforming to nature and doing nothing without doing anything. This is the thought inherited from Laozi.