Some is used in affirmative sentences. When "several", "some" and "someone" are used as attributives, they can modify countable nouns or uncountable nouns.

"any" is used in questions or negative sentences, "any" or "any one". When used as an attributive, it can modify countable or uncountable nouns.

When used in an affirmative sentence, any means "anything"

NO is an adjective, which can only be used to express determination, meaning "no", and modifies countable nouns or uncountable nouns.

None can only be used independently. It can be used as subject, object, or predicate in a sentence. It means "there is no person (or thing)" and it means plural or singular.

All refers to three or more people or things. It can be used to modify countable nouns or uncountable nouns.

both refers to two people or things, used to replace or modify countable nouns

Every is an adjective, which can only be used to modify singular nouns. It means "every one" and expresses the overall concept.

Each is an adjective, pronoun, used as subject, object, attributive, etc. The meaning "each" or "each" expresses a single concept. It can be placed before the noun or followed by the phrase of. It appears at the same time as the verb and must be placed in the BE verb. , auxiliary verb, after modal verb or before action word

either means "either of two"

Neither is the negative form of either, meaning "neither"

Other means "another" or "someone else". It has a plural form and serves as subject, object, and predicate in a sentence.

Another means "another" and "another", indicating increase. It can be used as an object and attributive in a sentence.

others refers to "most of the remaining people/things" the others refers to all of the "remaining people/things"

Many means "a lot" and is used with plural countable nouns

Much means "a lot" and is used with uncountable nouns

They are generally used in negative sentences, and a lot of or lots of are usually used in affirmative sentences; many/much can be preceded by so/very/too when used in affirmative sentences.

few, little means "few" and "almost none", which has a negative meaning.

a few, a little means "a few" and "some" have a definite meaning.

few, a few are used with countable nouns or to replace countable things. little, a little are used with uncountable nouns or to replace uncountable things.

somebody, something, someone is generally used in affirmative sentences

anything, anyone, anyone are generally used in questions, negative sentences and conditional adverbials

Used to replace one or more people or things above, and can be preceded by an article, adjective, demonstrative pronoun or which

a lot of (lots of) can modify both uncountable and countable plural forms, and can be replaced with much and many accordingly.

a number of/large number of can only modify the plural form of countable nouns, which can be replaced by some, many, a lot of, and plenty of

Plenty of "enough" can be modified

a great of can only modify uncountable nouns and can be replaced by much

no one and noboby mean "no one", they only refer to people, and are not followed by an OF phrase. When used as the subject, the predicate should be in singular form.

None means "there is no person/thing", which can refer to people or things, followed by the phrase of. When used as the subject, the predicate can be singular or plural.