MindMap Gallery Zoology-Mind map of the basic structure of fish
This is a mind map about the basic structure of zoological fish, including the nervous system and sensory organs, Progressive characteristics of fish, Classification of fish, The relationship between fish and humans, etc.
Edited at 2023-12-08 16:49:42One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
One Hundred Years of Solitude is the masterpiece of Gabriel Garcia Marquez. Reading this book begins with making sense of the characters' relationships, which are centered on the Buendía family and tells the story of the family's prosperity and decline, internal relationships and political struggles, self-mixing and rebirth over the course of a hundred years.
Project management is the process of applying specialized knowledge, skills, tools, and methods to project activities so that the project can achieve or exceed the set needs and expectations within the constraints of limited resources. This diagram provides a comprehensive overview of the 8 components of the project management process and can be used as a generic template for direct application.
Fish class
basic structure of fish
external form
Spindle-shaped, side-flattened, flat-shaped, club-shaped and other special body shapes.
Example: Spindle
Divided into head, trunk and tail
The mouth is located at the front of the head
The arrangement of fish scales is one of the important classification criteria for fish.
Even fins include pectoral fins and pelvic fins; odd fins include dorsal fins, anal fins, and caudal fins.
Fish tail fin types can be divided into original tail type, crooked tail type and straight tail type.
Skin and its derivatives
Skin structure: composed of epidermis and dermis
skin derivatives
mucous glands
Secrete a large amount of mucus to keep the fish body smooth, reduce resistance, and help form an isolation layer to avoid enemies.
scales
scales, hard scales, bone scales
chromatophores
melanocytes, xanthophores, red pigments, reflectors
light organ
Lighting for feeding
skeletal system
Skull: including brain and pharynx
Spine and Ribs The spine is poorly differentiated and can only be divided into trunk and tail vertebrae.
appendicular skeleton
odd fin bones, even fin bones
Muscular system: poorly differentiated
subtopic
Digestive system: digestive tract digestive glands
The digestive tract includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, gastrointestinal anus, and the digestive glands include the liver and pancreas.
Common characteristics of fish digestive systems
The position of the mouth varies depending on food habits.
There are no salivary glands in the mouth, and the tongue cannot move at the bottom of the mouth.
The number and length of gill rakers are closely related to feeding habits
The differentiation of the digestive tract also varies according to dietary habits
Digestive system of cartilaginous fishes: alimentary canal digestive glands
Digestive system of bony fish: digestive tract digestive glands
respiratory system
Gills: gill arches, gill rakers, gill septa, gill valves, filaments
swim bladder
Open swim bladder type, closed swim bladder type
Function of swim bladder: A few of the specific gravity regulating organs have respiratory function
circulatory system
heart, arteries, veins
Cycle mode: single cycle
Lymphatic system is underdeveloped
Excretory system and regulation of osmotic pressure
Shark excretory system: kidneys, mesonephric ducts, renal ducts, cloaca, cloaca
Facilitates the excretory system: kidneys, ureters, bladder
Regulation of osmotic pressure
Reproductive development: Fish are generally dioecious, with external or internal fertilization.
Male reproductive system: head kidney, mesonephros, testis, fallopian tube, vas deferens
Female reproductive system: a pair of gray-purple ovaries and fallopian tubes
Reproductive mode
in vitro fertilization in vitro development oviparous
In vitro fertilization In vivo development Ovoviviparity
Internal fertilization External development Oviparity
Internal fertilization Internal development Ovoviviparity or pseudoviviparity
nervous system and sense organs
Nervous system: central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, autonomic nervous system
sense organs
Visual organ: The cornea is flat, the lens is large, round and close to the cornea, the lens is inelastic, and the convexity is unchangeable.
Hearing, balance organ, smell organ
Cutaneous sensilla: lateral line, ampulla of Laurentia
Progressive Characteristics of Fish
The upper and lower jaws appear, paired appendages appear, the spine replaces the notochord, and the brain differentiates into five parts
Classification of fish
Cartilaginous fishes, Elasmobranchia, Holocelebrae, Teleost fishes, Lungfishes, Lobofins, Actinopterygians,
The relationship between fish and humans
edible
Medicinal
watch
Industrial raw materials
scientific research materials
Marine fisheries
freshwater fisheries