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EdrawMindHistology and Embryology Epithelial Tissue
MindMap Gallery Histology and Embryology Epithelial Tissue
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Histology and Embryology Epithelial Tissue
This is a mind map about epithelial tissue in histology and embryology, including covering epithelium, glandular epithelium, Specialized structures, etc.
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Histology and Embryology Epithelial Tissue
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- Outline
epithelial tissue
Covering epithelium
single layer
single layer squamous epithelium
Alveoli, wall layer of renal cysts
other
blood vessels, lymphatic vessels
Endothelium (luminal surface)
pericardium
pleura
peritoneum
Mesothelium (surface)
Heart
Irregular/polygonal, core ellipse, jagged/wavy edges, smooth surface, Conducive to the flow of blood and lymph, reducing friction in organ activities
simple columnar epithelium
There are also goblet cells, whose enlarged tops are filled with secretory granules, which react with PAS (periodic acid-Schiff reaction, sugar), so they are called mucin granules (lubricate and protect the epithelium).
Stomach, intestine, gallbladder, uterine cavity surface
Hexagonal/Polygonal, Cylindrical, Core Ellipse
single layer cuboidal epithelium
Renal tubules, thyroid follicles
Hexagonal/polygonal, cubic, round core
pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium
Breathing duct isoluminal surface
columnar, spindle, cone, goblet cells
Multilayer
metastatic epithelium
Renal pelvis, renal calyces, ureters, bladder and other cavities
Surface cells (cover cells) (large cuboidal, some binucleated)
Basal cells (cuboidal/dwarf cylindrical)
Middle layer cells (polygon)
Features: Cell shape and number of layers change with organ emptiness and expansion
Stratified squamous epithelium
Function: Resistant to friction, prevents the intrusion of foreign matter, and has strong regeneration and repair capabilities after damage
Not keratinized: oral cavity, vagina, esophagus
Keratosis: skin epidermis
Characteristics: wavy base (expanded connection surface), cubic/dwarf columnar shape near basement membrane, relatively immature, able to proliferate, several layers of polygonal cells in the middle, surface layer degenerates and falls off
Stratified columnar epithelium
Palpebral conjunctiva, male urethra cavity surface
Deep layer: one or several layers of polygonal cells, superficial layer: a layer of neatly arranged dwarf columnar cells
glandular epithelium
secretory department
Alveolar, tubulo-alveolar secretory parts are often called acini
Digestive system and respiratory system are divided into two types
Serous cells (protein-secreting cells), with base and acid at the bottom, round nuclei, and eosinophilic secretory granules (zymogen granules) in the top cytoplasm.
mucus cells
The cytoplasm is almost uncolored (foamy/vacuolated), the nucleus is oblate, and there are thick mucin particles in the supranuclear area.
Rough endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm, and a developed Golgi complex in the supranuclear region
Composed of serous acini and mucinous acini respectively
Mixed acini (serous semilunaries)
catheter
specialized structure
free surface
Microvilli (striated border/brush border), significantly increasing surface area
Cells with active absorptive functions include small intestinal epithelial cells
Cilia (thick and long)
9 doublet microtubules
2 individual microtubules
Dynein arm, dynein has ATP activity, ciliary movement
side
Tight junction (closed junction)
point fusion
Function: seal the intercellular space
adhesive tape
Microfilaments form a terminal network in the cytoplasm
Function: 1. Adhesion, 2. Maintain cell shape and transmit cell contraction force
Desmosomes (the strongest, also known as focal adhesions)
spots/buttons
There are intermediate filaments in the cytoplasm attached to the desmosomes, which are folded into loops and returned to the cytoplasm. Their function: fixation and support.
Gap junction (communication connection)
connectosome
Connexin (6), middle lumen 2nm
If two or more of these types of connections exist in close proximity, it is called a connection complex.
basal surface
basement membrane
close to epithelium, basal plate
Next to the epithelium: Translucent layer
The electron density below is high and thick: dense layer
Close to connective tissue, mesh plate
1. Support, connection, and fixation. 2. Semi-permeable membrane, which facilitates material exchange. 3. Induction, guides the movement of epithelial cells and affects proliferation and differentiation.
plasma membrane infolding
Contains long parallel rod-shaped mitochondria
Expand cell basal surface area
hemidesmosome
Basal surface of epithelial cells, half of the desmosome structure
Function: Fix epithelial cells to the basement membrane