need

Need to go from low level to high level

Each level needs to be interdependent

Motivating to satisfy needs

advantage

shortcoming

Needs are hierarchical, and managers must truly understand the needs of employees and satisfy them.

Satisfaction and dissatisfaction are completely separate

Dissatisfaction factors - health factors

Satisfying factors - motivating factors

Hygiene factors can only eliminate dissatisfaction, while motivating factors can improve employee motivation.

advantage

shortcoming

Managers should pay attention to the regulating effect of motivation factors on employee enthusiasm, and at the same time reduce the dissatisfaction of employees caused by hygiene factors.

High-level needs: achievement, power, affiliation needs

The need for achievement is not innate, it is a more internalized need

Managers should actively devote themselves to training individuals' achievement needs, set moderately challenging goals, provide timely feedback, and provide opportunities for individual development.

Whether people are satisfied with their rewards is a process of social comparison

The comparison of relative rewards is reflected in horizontal and vertical

The results of relative comparison will give people a sense of fairness and unfairness

The sense of fairness is a direct psychological experience in which people’s fairness needs are satisfied.

People overestimate their own inputs and the income of others

Managers should use a sense of fairness to mobilize employees' enthusiasm and provide rewards corresponding to their efforts.

Expectations and rewards

High valence, high expectations, high motivation

Handle the relationship between effort and performance, performance and rewards, rewards and satisfaction

Managers should set corresponding and reasonable goals based on employees themselves, and reward them as needed.

The clarity, difficulty, clarity of responsibilities, and acceptance of goals will affect people’s efforts

Job performance levels depend on organizational support and employee individual abilities and personality characteristics

After the goal is achieved, corresponding intrinsic and extrinsic rewards should be given

Managers must set clear, difficult, responsibilities and easy-to-accept goals based on their personal characteristics. They must create conditions for employees to achieve their goals and provide corresponding rewards after the goals are achieved.

According to the purpose: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment and natural extinction

Based on methods: continuous reinforcement and intermittent reinforcement

Take different strengthening measures according to different needs of strengthening objects

Clearly define and express the expected work performance

Provide timely feedback on work performance