MindMap Gallery Medical microbiology mind map
Medical Microbiology and Human Health Ninth Edition Mind Map Including animal-derived bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, mycobacteria, etc.
Edited at 2023-11-27 15:46:11El cáncer de pulmón es un tumor maligno que se origina en la mucosa bronquial o las glándulas de los pulmones. Es uno de los tumores malignos con mayor morbilidad y mortalidad y mayor amenaza para la salud y la vida humana.
La diabetes es una enfermedad crónica con hiperglucemia como signo principal. Es causada principalmente por una disminución en la secreción de insulina causada por una disfunción de las células de los islotes pancreáticos, o porque el cuerpo es insensible a la acción de la insulina (es decir, resistencia a la insulina), o ambas cosas. la glucosa en la sangre es ineficaz para ser utilizada y almacenada.
El sistema digestivo es uno de los nueve sistemas principales del cuerpo humano y es el principal responsable de la ingesta, digestión, absorción y excreción de los alimentos. Consta de dos partes principales: el tracto digestivo y las glándulas digestivas.
El cáncer de pulmón es un tumor maligno que se origina en la mucosa bronquial o las glándulas de los pulmones. Es uno de los tumores malignos con mayor morbilidad y mortalidad y mayor amenaza para la salud y la vida humana.
La diabetes es una enfermedad crónica con hiperglucemia como signo principal. Es causada principalmente por una disminución en la secreción de insulina causada por una disfunción de las células de los islotes pancreáticos, o porque el cuerpo es insensible a la acción de la insulina (es decir, resistencia a la insulina), o ambas cosas. la glucosa en la sangre es ineficaz para ser utilizada y almacenada.
El sistema digestivo es uno de los nueve sistemas principales del cuerpo humano y es el principal responsable de la ingesta, digestión, absorción y excreción de los alimentos. Consta de dos partes principales: el tracto digestivo y las glándulas digestivas.
No relevant template
medical microbiology
cocci
Staphylococcus aureus
Biological traits
Morphology and staining
G No spores, no flagella, arranged in grape clusters
Cultivation characteristics
Aerobic or facultative anaerobic 37℃ ordinary culture medium The disease is golden yellow and a completely transparent hemolytic ring can be seen
Biochemical reactions
Decompose maltose, glucose, sucrose, produce acid but not gas The virulent strain can decompose mannitol and produce acid. The catalase reaction is positive.
antigen
Polysaccharide antigens, protein antigens and cell wall component antigens
resistance
subtopic
The strongest among non-spore-forming bacteria
Pathogenicity
enzyme
coagulase
nuclease
Hyaluronidase
Esterase
Fibrisin
Exotoxins
Staphylococcal lysin
Leukocidin
Enterotoxins
acute gastroenteritis
exfoliative toxin
toxic shock toxin
Disease caused
purulent infection
Toxicity level
People with low immunity
Immunity
Natural immunity, but not strong and can be reinfected
microbiological examination
direct smear microscopy
Isolation, culture and identification
Drug susceptibility testing Penicillin-resistant strains
Staphylococcal enterotoxin test
lethal
Prevention and control
Pay attention to personal hygiene
Toxoid artificial autoimmunity
coagulase-negative staphylococci
Biological traits
G
Infection when the body's immune function is low
Common and important pathogenic bacteria of hospital-acquired infections
Pathogenic
normal flora
extracellular mucin
Hemolysin
Disease caused
urinary tract infection
bacterial endocarditis
septicemia
Infections caused by postoperative and implanted medical devices
Inspection and prevention
It is easy to develop drug resistance. Select sensitive antibiotics based on drug susceptibility testing.
Streptococcus
Classification of hemolysis phenomena
Group A hemolytic Streptococcus green grass opportunistic pathogen
Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus beta-hemolytic, highly pathogenic
Streptococcus G does not produce hemolysin and there is no hemolytic ring around the colony.
Group A Streptococcus Streptococcus pyogenes
Biological traits
Morphology and staining
G Arranged in chains, no spores, no flagella
Cultivation characteristics
High nutritional requirements Blood agar plates
Biochemistry anyway
Decomposes glucose to produce gas and is not dissolved by bile
Antigen structure
Polysaccharide antigen C antigen is a group-specific antigen and is the basis for grouping streptococci.
Surface antigen or protein antigen M protein has type specificity
P antigen or nucleoprotein antigen
resistance
Can be injured to death at 60℃, sensitive to disinfectants, sensitive to penicillin, erythromycin and other drugs
Pathogenicity
Pathogenic substances
cell wall components
adhesin F protein
M protein is associated with certain hypersensitivity reactions
Peptidoglycan heat source
Exotoxins
thermogenic exotoxins
Streptolysin
invasive enzyme
Hyaluronidase
Streptokinase and fibrinolytic enzymes in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction
Dowase DNase
Disease caused
purulent infection
toxin disease
hypersensitivity disease
Rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis
Immunity
strong immunity
examine
specimen
Smear microscopy
Isolation, culture and identification
PyR experiment
Serological tests Anti-streptolysin O test
Prevention and control
Prevent flying and droplet transmission
Penicillin drug of choice
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Biological traits
Morphology and staining
G Aflagellate and sporeless
Cultivation characteristics
High nutritional requirements, grown in serum-containing media from blood
biochemical reaction
Produces acid but does not produce gas. Can decompose maltose, glucose, lactose, sucrose. Bile bacteriolysis test identification. Can produce autolysis phenomenon and make the bacteria turbid in the early stage of culture.
Antigen structure and classification
capsular polysaccharide antigen
bacterial antigen
C polysaccharide
resistance
Weak Sensitive to general disinfectants
Pathogenic substances
capsule antiphagocytosis
pneumococcin o
lipoteichoic acid
neuraminidase
Disease caused
Lobar pneumonia Bronchitis
Immunity
robust type-specific immunity
microbiological examination
Bile bacteriolysis test
optochain sensitivity experiment
Capsule swelling test
Animal toxicity experiments
Prevention and control
Multivalent Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule polysaccharide vaccine
Neisseria
Neisseria meninges
Biological traits
Morphology and staining
G-capsulated pili diplococci
Cultivation characteristics
subtopic
biochemical reaction
Decompose glucose and maltose to produce acid but not gas
antigen
capsular polysaccharide specific antigen
outer membrane protein specific antigen
lipooligosaccharide antigen
Pathogenic substances
capsule
pili
IgA1 protease
lipooligosaccharide
Disease caused
epidemic meningitis
chronic sepsis
Immunity
Humoral immunity
examine
direct smear
Prevention and control
Meningococcal vaccine
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Biological traits
Morphological staining
G- aflagellated capsulated pili
nourish
Obligate Aerobic Chocolate Tablets Weak Resistance
antigen
pilin antigen
lipooligosaccharide antigen LOS
outer membrane protein antigen
Pathogenic
pili
outer membrane protein
lipooligosaccharide
lgA1
Disease caused
gonorrhea sexual contact gonococcal conjunctivitis
immunity
No natural resistance, no immunity for a long time
examine
Preheated chocolate blood agar plates
Prevention and control principles
sexually transmitted
Enterobacteriaceae
common characteristics
Biological traits
Normal flora acquire virulence factors and cause disease
Morphological staining
G- Peritrichosporium non-spores, a few have capsules
nourish
Facultative aerobic or anaerobic, can be cultured on ordinary plates
biochemical reaction
Lactose fermentation experiment can identify
Antigen structure
O antigen
SR mutation when lost
H antigen
Flagellin
capsular antigen
Type specificity
resistance
No spores, weak resistance
Mutations
Easy to mutate
Escherichia
biological traits
Causes disease after changing the parasitic site. Used for hygienic food testing indicators
antigen
O antigen H antigen K antigen (capsule)
Pathogenic
Adhesin
Exotoxins
Other endotoxin type III secretion system
Pathogenic
Extraintestinal infection Endogenous infection
Intestinal peritonitis Appendicitis Sepsis Neonatal meningitis Female urethritis
Gastroenteritis
ETEC enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Toxin-producing
small intestine
Traveler's diarrhea, watery stool, vomiting, low-grade fever
Plasmid LT ST Enterotoxin
EIEC
Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
invade
the large intestine
Watery stool, persistent small amount of blood in the stool, abdominal pain, fever
Plasmid-mediated invasion and destruction of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells
EPEC
Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli
Pathogenic
small intestine
Infant diarrhea, watery stool, nausea, vomiting, fever
Non-invasive, type 3 secretion system, long villi attached
EHEC
enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli
Bleeding
the large intestine
Watery stools, persistent bleeding, severe abdominal pain, thrombocytopenic purpura
Shiga toxin (inhibits protein synthesis) pili
EAEC
enteroaggregative Escherichia coli
Aggregation
small intestine
Infant diarrhea, watery stool, vomiting, low fever
pili adhesion factors brick arrangement
examine
specimen
Isolation, culture and identification
extraintestinal infection
Smear staining
Intestinal infection
Check stool
Hygienic bacteriological examination
Prevention and control
If diarrhea persists in the early stage, wash hands, rehydrate, and do drug sensitivity testing
Shigella (Shigella dysenteriae)
Biological traits
G- No spores, no flagella, no capsules, pili
Decomposes glucose to produce acid but not gas
O antigen K antigen
Group A is the most pathogenic Shigella flexneri chronic infection Song Nei slow fermentation lactose
Source of infection
Patient, carrier, fecal-oral transmission
Pathogenic
Invasiveness
Type III secretion system does not remove blood
Pussy, bloody and sticky stool
endotoxin
Acts on intestinal mucosa, tenesmus, acts on intestinal wall autonomic nerves
Exotoxins
Interference with protein synthesis Shiga toxin
Disease caused
bacillary dysentery
Generally not enter blood
HUS hemolytic uremic syndrome DIC
immunity
Not solid
examine
specimen
Isolation culture
Toxicological experiments
Quick dyeing
Prevention and control
live attenuated vaccine
Salmonella (enters blood)
Typhoid fever paratyphoid Gastroenteritis
biological traits
G- Pili, non-spore, non-capsule, flagellum
Gene Pathogenesis Island
Biochemical reactions and properties
Unfermented lactose sucrose Fermented glucose maltose mannose identification
antigen
O antigenIgM
flagellar HAg IgG
Capsular ViAg
Fecal-oral transmission can retain gallbladder
Pathogenic
Invasiveness
Vi antigen pili
endotoxin
Exotoxins
Enterotoxin (enteric fever)
examine
Identification of typhoid fever Paratyphoid OH agglutination titer
Feida test
five sugar tube
Prevention and control
quarantine vaccine
Vibrio
Vibrio cholerae (category A infectious disease)
biological traits
G- Flagellum Pili Asporate Capsulated
nourish
Alkali-resistant but not acid-resistant TCBS yellow colonies Catalytic enzyme test positive Fermented glucose sucrose mannitol Produces acid but not gas Indole test positive
Antigen structure
O antigen heat resistant
H antigen is heat-labile
resistance
Strong H type is not heat resistant
Pathogenic
cholera toxin
The most powerful cause of diarrhea
A subunit active unit
B subunit binding subunit
colonization
pili
AHr
Chemotactic protein
biofilm
prophage
immunity
firm
examine
Hanging drop method dark field observation
Peptone culture
Prevention and control
subtopic
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
biological traits
G- lateral flagellum without spores
No growth without salt
nourish
Kanagawa Phenomenon
Pathogenic
type III secretion system
Poison Island
flagella capsule biofilm outer membrane protein
Hemolytic toxicity Enterotoxin activity
food poisoning
examine
TCBS culture
Prevention and control
Market Supervision
Helicobacter
Helicobacter pylori
biological traits
G- flagellum pili movement
Microaerophilic nutritional requirements are high 10%CO2 82N2
biochemical reaction
Urease can be used for identification Decompose ammonia to form ammonia cloud
Pathogenic
Fecal-oral transmission Oral-oral transmission
VacA vacuolating toxin A cytotoxin-associated protein A
gastric ulcer duodenal ulcer gastritis
examine
Rapid urease test
C13C14 Breath Test
Prevention and control
proton pump inhibitor
Haemophilus
Haemophilus influenzae
biological traits
Morphology
G- Aflagellate, sporeless, mostly pili
Chocolate plate culture Growth requires x-factor and V-factor assistance
For example, when Haemophilus influenzae and Staphylococcus aureus are co-cultured on a blood plate, the Haemophilus influenzae colonies around the Staphylococcus aureus colonies are larger, and the colonies farther away from the Staphylococcus aureus colonies are smaller. This phenomenon satellite phenomenon
Biochemical reactions and antigen structure
Decomposes glucose, sucrose, unfermentable lactose, mannitol
Capsular polysaccharide antigen is type-specific and type B is highly pathogenic.
resistance
Weak resistance Sensitive to dry heat Sensitive to disinfectants
Pathogenicity and immunity
Pathogenic
Capsule is the most important independent factor and has anti-phagocytic effect
Ib diseases mainly include meningitis and pneumonia in children
immunity
Humoral immunity
examine
direct microscopic examination
Collect and examine clinical specimens
Isolation culture
Chocolate blood agar plate
Antigen test
Molecular biology technology testing
Prevention and control principles
Hib capsular polysaccharide vaccine
Mycobacteria
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
biological traits
Morphological staining
No capsule, no flagella, no spores, pili Zini acid-fast stain The cell wall structure is relatively complex and there is a lot of paper
nourish
Obligate aerobes with high nutritional requirements Bacteria grow slowly, with colonies visible to the naked eye after three to four weeks Growth on Roche medium
resistance
Strong resistance to physical and chemical factors Weak resistance to ethanol, ultraviolet heat and humidity
Mutations
Virulence variation
L-shaped colony
Resistant variants
Pathogenic
Pathogenic substances
Lipids
cord factor
Mannolipids
Phospholipids
cerebroside sulfate
protein
culture filter protein
early secretory target protein
capsule
Disease caused
Primary lesions, lymphangitis, and lymphadenopathy are called primary syndromes
Chronic granuloma, tuberculosis nodules
Post-primary infection Relapse or reactivation
Immunity
innate immunity
Innate immune cells recognize receptors through surface patterns
adaptive immunity
Anti-infection immunity mainly relies on cellular immunity
hypersensitivity reaction
delayed hypersensitivity reaction
examine
direct smear
Acid fast staining
Isolation culture
Modified Roche solid medium
Animal experiment
drug allergy testing
DNA Testing
Conjugated bacterin test
PPD delayed hypersensitivity reaction
Prevention and control
BCG vaccine
Rifampicin, streptomycin, ethambutol
Cell wall contains large amounts of lipids Acid-fast bacilli Chronic infection forms granulomas
Mycobacterium leprae
It mainly invades the skin, mucous membranes and peripheral nervous tissue. In the late stage, it can also invade deep tissues and organs, causing serious damage.
biological traits
Parasitic bacteria in bags
G Cannot be cultivated artificially
Pathogenic
Spread through respiratory tract damage, mucous membranes and skin, and close contact
tumor leprosy
combined leprosy
examine
Smear microscopy
Acid-fast stain-positive bacilli
leprorisin test
Prevention and control principles
isolation
Anaerobic bacteria
Anaerobic Clostridium
Clostridium tetani
Biological traits
G Periflagellate Acapsulated Anaerobic Spores are round and have a diameter larger than that of the bacteria beta hemolysis Can survive in dry soil for several years
Pathogenesis and immunity
Pathogenic conditions
The local wound needs to form an anaerobic microenvironment Deep and narrow wound Can be mixed with aerobic bacteria
Pathogenic substances
Tetanus spasm toxin neurotoxin fatal inhibitory neurotransmitter release
Opisthotonus, trismus, forced smile, diaphragmatic spasm
Disease caused
tetanus
immunity
Humoral immunity is not strong
Prevention and control
Treatment principles
Neutralize toxins
Remove bacteria
Non-specific treatment to ensure smooth breathing
Precaution
Treat wounds correctly
artificial active immunity
artificial passive immunity
Clostridium perfringens
biological traits
Morphological staining
G spore oval, flagellum-encapsulated
Cultivation characteristics
Blood agar plate double layer hemolysis ring
Egg yolk agar plate milky white turbid circle
Milk culture medium surge fermentation
Pathogenicity
Pathogenic substances
Alpha toxin also known as phospholipase C
Hemolysis, tissue necrosis, impaired heart and liver function, gas gangrene
beta toxin
Enterotoxins
Disease caused
gas gangrene
food poisoning
necrotizing enteritis
examine
Decreased number of white blood cells
direct smear microscopy
Isolation culture and animal testing
Prevention and control
Amputation Gas gangrene polyvalent antitoxin hyperbaric oxygen chamber
Widely found in soil, humans, animal intestines
Clostridium botulinum (soil)
biological properties
G spore oval, flagellated, non-spored, strictly anaerobic plain agar plate Not heat resistant
Strong resistance to acid protease
Pathogenic
Pathogenic substances
Neurobotulinum toxin highly toxic Acts on peripheral cholinergic nerves Inhibition of neural junctions and muscle headhunting of acetylcholine release flaccid paralysis
Disease caused
food poisoning
inhalation poisoning
cosmetic
Prevention and control
Food supervision
Antitoxin
Lack of a complete respiratory enzyme system Deficiency of superoxide dismutase catalase peroxidase
non-spore-forming anaerobic bacteria
normal flora
Parasitic site changes
Decreased immunity
Dysbiosis
Anaerobic microenvironment formation
Natural resistance to aminoglycoside antibiotics
Pathogenicity
Formation of local anaerobic microenvironment
Bacterial virulence
pilus capsule adsorption
metabolic toxins
Changes in tolerance to oxygen
Infectious characteristics
endogenous autoinfection
No specific disease type
Discharge, pus, thick, foul-smelling, and colored
Disease caused
septicemia
central infection
oral infection
respiratory tract infection
Animal-derived bacteria
Brucella
biological traits
G- no spores, no flagella, smooth strain, micro-encapsulated membrane
Aerobic bacteria have high nutritional requirements and grow slowly on ordinary culture media. They do not hemolyze on blood agar plates.
two DNA
Can decompose urea to produce h2s, which can be used for identification
M antigen sheep A antigen cow
Strong resistance, heat-resistant, sensitive to ultraviolet rays, sensitive to disinfectants and broad-spectrum antibiotics
Pathogenic
Pathogenic substances
endotoxin
capsule
invasion enzyme
Disease caused
Abortion of female animals
Bacteremia caused by parasitic bacteria in the bag, wave fever
type 3 hypersensitivity reaction
immunity
Cellular immunity mainly
examine
specimen collection
Isolation culture
serology test
agglutination test
complement fixation test
Skin test
Prevention and control principles, supervision and vaccines
Combined use of rifampin and doxycycline
Yersinia pestis first-level infectious disease
biological traits
G- capsule, no flagella, no spores
Facultative anaerobic bacteria are cultured in broth for 48 hours to form a bacterial film and shake slightly to form a stalactite-like sinking
Antigen structure
F1 antigen Capsule antigen
V W Antigen Antiphagocytosis Related to Bacterial Virulence
outer membrane protein
Rat poison kills rats
Botulinum toxin is similar to intestinal endotoxin
Resistance Weak resistance
Survive in flea droppings and soil for one year
variability
r s variation independence then weakens
Pathogenicity and immunity
Pathogenic substances
F1 antigen
Vw antigen
Toxin
outer membrane antigen
Disease caused
bubonic plague
acute lymphadenitis
pneumonic plague
Black Death
septicaemic plague
High fever and high mortality rate affects the nervous system
Immunity
strong immunity
microbiological examination
Specimen collection, Class A infectious diseases
P3 laboratory
direct smear microscopy
Isolation, culture and identification
serology test
ELESA inspection
Nucleic acid amplification testing
Prevention and control principles
Kill rats and fleas and cut off the source of infection
Bacillus anthracis
High incidence in herbivorous animals such as cattle and sheep
biological traits
G Under aerobic conditions, oval-shaped spores are formed into long chains arranged like bamboos.
Rough colonies formed on ordinary culture media No hemolysis on blood agar plates Growth in flocculent precipitate in broth culture medium
Antigen structure
anthrax toxin
protective antigen
lethal factor
edema factor
Jiamo polypeptide antigen
spore antigen
bacterial polysaccharide antigen
resistance
After pasture is contaminated, the infection can last for ten years
Pathogenicity and immunity
Pathogenic substances
Capsule and anthrax toxin
Inhibits the nervous system, inhibits respiration, acts on vascular endothelial cells, and forms edema.
Disease caused
Cutaneous anthrax
Necrosis and black eschar formation on the skin
intestinal anthrax
Pulmonary anthrax
Sepsis can occur in all three of the above, and anthrax meningitis has a high mortality rate.
Immunity
lifelong immunity
Microbiological examination methods
specimen collection
It is strictly prohibited to dissect carcasses of animals with anthrax outdoors.
direct smear microscopy
Isolation, culture and identification
penicillin bead test
Prevention and control principles
live attenuated anthrax vaccine
Acquire sustained immunity after infection Control livestock infections and pasture contamination
Other bacteria
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
biological traits
G No membrane, no edges, no spores
Albert's stain produces metachromatic granules The main ingredients are ribonucleic acid and polymetaphosphate
The culture method is Lu's medium and the growth rate is rapid. Produces black colonies when grown on blood agar plates containing potassium artechate
Mutations
Betacoryneform bacteriophages become lysogenic bacteria
resistance
Sensitive to damp heat Sensitive to penicillin and erythromycin
Immunity and pathogenicity
Pathogen
diphtheria toxin
Can bind to surface receptors on cardiomyocytes, nerve cells, etc. to produce hypersensitivity reactions
shape factor
Affects cellular respiration and phosphorylation
K antigen
Antiphagocytosis
Immunity
Produces diphtheria antitoxin and the person gains immunity
Disease caused
Diphtheria: There is a white false membrane in the throat. When it falls off, it can block the respiratory tract and prevent bacteria from entering the bloodstream.
microbiological examination
specimen collection
direct smear microscopy
Isolation culture
Lu's serum slant Potassium Acidate Blood Agar Plate
Toxicity testing
Elek plate virulence test
Prevention and control principles
DTP vaccine
Bacteria
biological traits
G- non-sporulating, non-flagellated, toxic strains with pili and pili
Obligate Aerobic Abalone Medium High nutritional requirements
variability
R S variation
antigen
O antigen
K antigen
resistance
Weak resistance, it can be killed in 30 minutes if exposed to sunlight at 56°C for one hour, and can survive for three days in dry soil.
Pathogenicity and immunity
Pathogenicity
Bacteria invade the respiratory tract of infants and young children, and humans are the only host
But there is a rooster-like roar, which becomes whooping cough
Can cause secondary infection with Staphylococcus aureus
Immunity
PT FHA Long-lasting immunity, rarely reinfected
Microbiological examination methods
ELISA test method Does not enter blood
Prevention and control
DTP vaccine
Four bodies
Mycoplasma
Overview
The smallest prokaryotic microorganism that lacks a cell wall and is highly diverse and capable of growing and reproducing in nonliving media.
Don't remove blood
Biological traits
form and structure
No cell wall double-stranded DNA
Giemsa staining: Cholesterol is located between the layers of phospholipid molecules Polysaccharides make up the biological back membrane
Cultivation characteristics
10%~20% human or animal serum needs to be added to provide cholesterol and other long-chain fatty acids
biochemical reaction
It can be identified based on its different ability to decompose glucose, arginine and urea.
Antigen structure
Growth inhibition experiment metabolic inhibition test
resistance
weak
Pathogenesis and immunity
Adhesin
biofilm
Toxic metabolites
lipoprotein
Cell humoral immunity CD4 positive
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
droplet spread
primary atypical pneumonia
community acquired respiratory distress syndrome toxin
Ureaplasma
Fried egg-like colonies can break down urea
Sexual contact transmission
autoimmune disease
Rickettsia
Overview
It is a type of prokaryotic microorganism that uses arthropods as the transmission medium and is strictly intracellular parasitism.
intracellular parasitism
Biological traits
G- has a cell wall. Zoonoses. Arthropods as vectors. Sensitive to antibiotics.
Specialized intracellular parasites reproduce by binary fission
Antigen structure
foreign reaction
resistance
weak
Sensitive to chloramphenicol and tetracycline antibiotics, but sulfa drugs can promote their growth and reproduction
Pathogenicity and immunity
hosted on arthropod hosts
disease caused by natural foci
Pathogenic mechanism
Mainly invades small blood vessels and capillary endothelial cells
Adhesin
phospholipase a
immunity
T cell mediated cellular immunity
Rickettsia prowazekii
People have long been the main media of communication
microcapsule, mucus layer Phospholipid does not have a lipopolysaccharide
Mainly cellular immunity, supplemented by humoral immunity
Rickettsia typhus
endemic typhus
Chlamydia
Overview
Strict intracellular parasitism Unique developmental cycle Prokaryotic microorganisms that pass through cell filters
G- DNA RNA has ribosomes, is sensitive to many antibiotics, reproduces by binary fission
biological traits
closed double stranded DNA
primary body reticular body
Primarch
Strongly infective and non-reproductive (inclusion bodies)
reticular body (original body)
progeny
transsexual intracellular parasitism
antigen
genus specific antigen
species specific antigen
type-specific antigen
resistance
Resistant to cold but not heat
Pathogenicity and immunity
Pathogenicity
Heparanthionin infects mucosal epithelial cells and MOMP prevents the fusion of phagosomes and lysosomes type III secretion system
Chlamydia trachomatis Chlamydia pneumoniae Chlamydia psittaci
immunity
Cellular immunity hypersensitivity lymphogranuloma
Chlamydia trachomatis
trachoma
Inclusion conjunctivitis
Urogenital tract infection
pneumonia in infants and young children
lymphogranuloma venereum
Chlamydia psittaci
Inhalation of dust in the respiratory tract or damaged skin, mucous membranes, and conjunctival infections
cellular immunity
examine
inclusion body reticular body
Doxycycline, macrolide therapy
spirochetes
Overview
prokaryotic microorganisms sensitive to antibiotics Slender, soft and lively
biological traits
capsule cell wall inner flagellum Silver staining and dark field microscopy
High nutritional requirements Ten percent rabbit serum Korthof and serum-free EMJH medium growth slow
agglutination absorption test
Complete genome sequencing
Weak resistance
popular link
Zoonotic diseases can form natural foci
Pathogenicity and immunity
Pathogenic substances
Adhesin
endotoxin
Hemolysin
Invasive enzymes
other
Disease caused
Sepsis three symptoms three signs
Humoral immunity
Check serology tests
MAT
TR patoc 1
indirect agglutination test
Prevention and control
penicillin
Treponema pallidum
G- Not easy to stain, silver-plated dyeing
Cannot survive in artificial culture medium with life
Type 1 syphilis
Type 2 syphilis
Type 3 syphilis