pattern

mostly steps

only 1 melodic layer

uses small range

uses only notes of scale

no modulation

simple rhythmic ideas

short, structured phrases

chromatic passing notes

angular

across multiple registers

complex rhythm

ornaments

wide range

unbalanced phases

multiple melodic phrases

pattern

simple triads

recognised pattern

change regular intervals

block chords

built on few chords

simple harmonic rhythm

static

consonance

broken chords

modulation

complex chords

complex harmonic rhythm

changing range/register

uses many chords

no recognisable pattern

dissonant

major

minor

blues

pentatonic

whole tone

atonal

modal

12 tone row

aggressive

calm

energetic

exciting

majestic

mellow

Structures in world music

Specific forms

Common forms

Vocal forms