The functions of a type of social activity that are known to and intended by the individuals involved in the activity

Functional consequences that are not intended or recognized by the members of a social system in which they occur

Rational choice theory

A concept used by Weber to refer to the process by which modes of precise calculation and organization, involving abstract rules and procedures, increasingly come to dominate the social world

An economic system based on the private ownership of wealth, which is invested and reinvested in order to produce profit.

The view developed by Marx according to which material, or economic, factors have a prime role in determining historical change

A theoretical perspective based on the notion that social events can best be explained in terms of the functions they perform—that is, the contributions they make to the continuity of a society

The conditioning influence on our behavior of the groups and societies of which we are members

Feminism

Marxism

personal, emotional, and scientific side of sociology

statistics and scientific methodologies

rich and broader understanding, but small groups

participant observation

precise and efficient data on a large group, but may be superficial

population

pilot study

sample

easier to control and repeat, but can be affected by various situations and no access to lab smtm

empirical investigation

iron law of oligarchy

A “pure type,” constructed by emphasizing certain traits of a social item that do not necessarily exist in reality (Weber's i.t of bureaucratic org-s)

laid down by the norms, or rules, of the official system of authority

developed on the basis of personal connections; ways of doing things that depart from formally recognized modes of procedure

direct and subtle

“cumulative advantage”

slavery

caste

class

our multiple group memberships affect our lives in ways that are distinct from single group memberships

Social inequalities that result from patterns in the social structure.

MARX

WEBER

DAVIS AND MOORE

ERIC OLIN WRIGHT

US class structure

SOCIAL MOBILITY

Cooley

In-groups

Out-Groups

Robert K. Merton

Georg Simmel

A simple collection of people who happen to be together in a particular place but do not significantly interact or identify with one another

People who share a common characteristic (such as gender or occupation) but do not necessarily interact or identify with one another.

Going along with a group

Obedience to authority