Increasing in environmental pollution by diesel oil

Diesel oil can infiltrate soil and reduce its quality

Bioremediation using E. coli

diesel contamination in soil has become global issues

diesel oil can degrade soil quality & contaminate groundwater

most conventional methods are ineffiecient

To isolate & characterize E. coli from horse fecal

To determine E. coli potential in bioremediation of diesel oil-contaminated soil at 10 & 15 % (v/v)

To determine & compare biodegradation effieciency rate of diesel oil at different treatment

Efficacy of E. coli as hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria for bioremediation of diesel

Lab scale (bioreactor)

Bioremediation is straightforward & cost-effective

E. coli easy to be isolated

Significant for application in Sabah since lack of research

200 g X 12 samples

MacConkey agar

Luria Bertani broth

sample suspension

streak plate method

Outsorce (DNA sequencing)

Biochemical test (IMViC test)

short-term

long-term

NPK ratio, 4:2:1

10% (v/v) diesel oil

15% (v/v) diesel oil

10% (v/v) E. coli + 10% (v/v) diesel oil

10% (v/v) E. coli + 15% (v/v) diesel oil

CFU

pH

temperature

moisture content

Distillation process for diesel production

Properties of diesel

Sorption & desorption

Volatilization

Dissolution

Biodegradation

Soil

Plants

Human health

Chemical

Physical

Thermal

Biological (bioremediation)

Availability of hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria

Bacterial competition & cooperation

Consortium of microorganisms

Soil characteristics

Nutrient availability

Oxygen availability

Temperature

pH

Moisture content