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MindMap Gallery 14th-16th century literature (Renaissance)
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14th-16th century literature (Renaissance)
The third chapter of foreign literature is a mind map summary, 16th century literature, including outlines, development of various countries, humanism, and introduction to important works. If you are interested, you can take a look.
Edited at 2023-10-20 11:42:18
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- Outline
14th-16th century literature (Renaissance)
2. “Humanism”
(1) Explanation
The new bourgeois ideological system formed during the Renaissance movement was called "humanism"
(2) Claim
1. Use human nature to oppose divine authority and emphasize human value and status.
2. Use individual liberation to oppose asceticism and advocate people’s pursuit of worldly life.
3. Use reason to oppose the obscurantism preached by the church and demand the release of people from religion and various constraints.
(3) Features
1. Distinctive anti-church and anti-feudal character
2. Promote humanistic values, put people first, and advocate human value and dignity.
3. Realism in creative techniques: characters are full of "emotion" and "desire"
4. Express the awakening of national consciousness and the pursuit of national character
5. Changes in art forms: expansion of genres and themes
(4) Development stage
Early days
14th century-mid 15th century a. Liberate your personality and enjoy secular life Representative work: Boccaccio's "The Decameron"
medium term
Late 15th century-early 16th century a. Show people’s desires, individual requirements, giant style, and rational power b. Criticize and satirize reality and express positive ideals Representative work: Francois Rabelais' "The Legend of Giants"
peak
Late 16th century-early 17th century a. Praising human nature and analyzing the contradictions within people themselves b. Explore the weaknesses of human nature - the ugliness that causes social conflicts c. The society is more open Masterpiece: Cervantes: "Don Quixote"
4. Important writers and works
Early days
Boccaccio "The Decameron"
Framed story structure: a story within a story
Theme: love theme
Content: Exposing ascetics and obscurantism, criticizing the corruption, hypocrisy, and deception of the Catholic Church It provides a bitter satire on all kinds of paranoia and stupidity in human character.
Influence: It is the first work in modern Europe that extensively expresses real life.
medium term
Rabelais "The Legend of Giants"
Ideological connotation: reflects all aspects of French social life in the 16th century, with strong realistic implications and irony. It criticized the feudal legal system and judicial institutions and demonstrated humanistic values.
reflect
Confidence in human power and affirmation of happiness in this world
Humanists are eager for knowledge and have an enterprising spirit and broad vision that pursues truth.
Artistic style: 1. Bizarre narrative 2. Vulgar narrative 3. Parody 4. Satirical narrative
peak
sevedra "Don Quixote"
Criticize the evils of feudal system
A model of comedy art
Diverse narrative techniques
The foundation of modern European novels
shakespeare
The world's top ten celebrities and four great tragedians
first period
The narrative poem "The Humiliation of Cloris" breaks through the shackles of asceticism and fully expresses the new ideas of humanism
The historical drama "Charlie III" opposes feudal separatism and internal strife, and demands the establishment of a centralized and unified country.
Comedy trilogy "Much Ado About Nothing", "As You Like It" and "Page Twelve"
Style: Bright and optimistic
second period
profoundly reflects the social reality of Britain in the late 16th and early 17th centuries
The Four Great Tragedies: Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth
style
Depressed, sad, angry
"Hamlet"
image analysis
Early stage
An ideal humanist, simple, cheerful and enthusiastic
later stage
Disappointment with humanism
character
subtopic
art achievement
Represents the peak of Shakespeare's dramatic art
third period (legendary drama period)
five legendary dramas "Pericles, Prince of Tire", "Cymbeline", "The Winter's Tale", "The Tempest", "Two Noble Kinsmen"
style
Forgiveness and reconciliation, promotion of humanism, legendary romance, ethereal style, rich poetry
3. Development of various countries
"Humanism" first appeared in italy
Early stage
Petrarch and Boccaccio were the pioneers of Italian humanist literature
time
1430s-mid-15th century
Petrarch (Poetic Immortal, Father of Humanism)
Lyrical poems "Song Book", "Africa", "Secrets of the Heart"
Boccaccio
"The Decameron"
heyday
time
Late 15th century - late 16th century
Ariosto
The long narrative poem "Mad Roland" reflects the spirit of exploration and adventure during the Renaissance
later stage
time
Late 15th century to late 16th century
Torquado Tasso
Long narrative poem: "Jerusalem Liberated"
France
Reasons for its rise
The war brought French and Italian cultures into contact, an open academic climate, and the application of printing
Early days
Seven Star Poetry Society
Dora, Ronsard, Dubele, Bayef, Joder, Bello, Thiar
Strong national consciousness and the pursuit of national character
the most important humanist writer
Rabelais, one of the four most famous people in the world, "Giant"
Late stage
Montaigne: "Essays"
Spain
develop
time
Late 15th century - 1650s
background
National unity, discovery of the New World, accumulation of wealth, and becoming the top power in Europe
work
"The Little Leper": the first Spanish work to gain world renown, the originator of picaresque novels
Lope de Vega (the founder of Spanish national drama)
"Yangquan Village" patriotism theme
Decline after peak
Rush hour
1650s-1620s
peak time author
Cervantes
U.K.
early 14th century
Chaucer (Father of English Literature) "The Canterbury Tales"
Moore's "Utopia"
Spencer's "Shepherd's Calendar" and "The Faerie Queene"
The prosperous period of opera (1580-1925)
Marlowe "The Tragedy of Doctor Faustus", Ben Joan "Everyone has a different temperament", "The Alchemist"
Shakespeare's arrival on the stage brought Renaissance English drama to its climax
prose pioneer
Bacon and French writer Meng Tian are recognized as the founders of modern essays.
Bacon's "Essays"
I. Overview
(1) Background
1. Political economy: the emergence of the capitalist class and the development of feudal politics
2. Humanistic environment: the church suppresses people, science and technology develop
3. Major events: a. The Black Death in Europe in the Middle Ages - the Shaking, Reflection and Rebirth of God’s Omnipotence b. The great geographical discovery and the success of global navigation
4. Religious Reformation: “Justification by Faith”, “Cheap Church”
5. Atmosphere of the times: At the end of feudal society, bourgeois production relations emerged
(2) Core of Renaissance Thought
"Humanism"
(3) Definition of Renaissance
From the 14th century to the early 17th century, the emerging bourgeoisie launched a large-scale anti-feudal and anti-church ideological liberation movement in the ideological field.