Does not get consumed in the process

Lowers activation energy required

Same phase as reactants

Different phase from reactants

Selectivity for certain reactions

Rate at which the catalyst accelerates the reaction

Ability to maintain activity over time

Reactants bind to the surface of the catalyst

Reactants interact on the catalyst surface

Products are released from the catalyst surface

Facilitate reaction by lowering activation barrier

Catalysts reduce this energy requirement

Can be irreversible or reversible

Adjusting surface area, porosity, and composition

Production of plastics, pharmaceuticals, and fuels

Reduction of pollutants in exhaust gases

Use of enzymes as biological catalysts

Nanotechnology and green chemistry

Analyzing catalyst structure and function

Predicting catalyst behavior and design